Please enable JavaScript.

Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.

The ESU concept and its applicability in biological conservation-G2-(2…

- - - - in the face of economic constraints
      - in the face of the inability of
        taxonomy
    - - groups exchanging a
        degree of gene flow such as meta-populations
    - - Basic concept
        
        Ryder (1986)
        
        Population units presenting significant adaptive variation based on concordance between sets of data derived by
        different techniques (life history information, morphometric, range and distribution data, and genetic data)
      - Definitions stressing the importance of molecular data
        
        Dizon et al. (1992)
        
        Populations exhibiting discontinuous genetic divergence patterns, geographic isolation and significant genetic
        distances
        
        Avise (1994)
        
        Sets of populations derived from consistently congruent gene phylogenies
        
        Bowen (1998)
        
        Populations which show evidence of long-term isolation
        
        Fraser and Bernatchez
        (2001)
        
        A lineage demonstrating highly restricted gene flow from other such lineages within the higher organizational level
        of the species
        
        Moritz (1994a,b)
        
        Populations that: (1) are reciprocally monophyletic for mtDNA alleles and (2) demonstrate significant divergence
        of allele frequencies at nuclear loci
      - Definitions stressing the importance of using molecular analysis and ecological data
        
        Vogler and Desalle
        (1994)
        
        Groups that are diagnosed by characters which cluster individuals or populations to the exclusion of other such
        clusters
        
        Waples (1991)
        
        A population or group of populations that: (1) is substantially reproductively isolated from other conspecific
        population units; (2) represents an important component of the evolutionary legacy of the species
        
        Crandall et al. (2000)
        
        Prefer identification of distinct populations characterized by genetic and ecological inexchangeabilities over recent
        and historical times
        
        De Guia and Saitoh
        (2007)
        
        Full ESUs can be defined solely when information about both neutral genetic variation and adaptive variation is
        available; otherwise the taxa are ascribed to partial ESU
- - - - Benefits
        
        Diverstification are promoted with rapid rates
        
        Creating a mosaic of overlapping ant and host plant
        
        Small, isolated noninter exchangeable populations produced.
      - Disadvantage
        
        Increase in fragmentation cause by anthropogenic disturbances and habitat loss increase the risk of local extinction
- - - - Wing from mid June till mid July & end of July till end of August
      - Choices made by adults during oviposition
      - Their use of host ant species