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4 definitions for abnormality - Coggle Diagram
4 definitions for abnormality
Statistical infrequency
Definition= person trait thinking or behaviour is classified as abnormal if it rare
Abnormality=behaviours=extremely rare=if can =define what is normal= Then idea of what not common= e.g. woman=baby after 40/under 20= behaviour defined abnormal
IMPORTANT: necessary to be clear about how a rare trait or behaviour needs to be, before we class it as abnormal
e.g. Low IQ or above=abnormal
A03: x=labelling abnormal=negative effect=e.g. low IQ but working, can function day to day=negative label= negative effect how viewed by others= could cost them their job
A03: strength=useful clinical assessments= in diagnosis intellectual disability disorder (IDD) only 2% of the population has IQ below 70=diagnosed with IDD definition RWA=clinical diagnosis= benefit those people=e.g. support (TA) during education
Deviation from social norms
standards= of acceptable behaviour= set by a particular social group
Deviating from standards= is considered abnormal= according to definition
Some rules about unacceptable behaviour= implicit=others-policed by-laws
E.g. laughing= funeral=implicit social rule= to do this= abnormal
causing a disorder (public)=deviation from social norms & against law= another example= paedophilia= deviates implicit social rule about behaviour and against law
**Definition= persons thinking or behaviour is classified as abnormal if it violates the unwritten rules about what is excepted or acceptable behaviour in a particular social group
behaviour= incomprehensible( not understood)=people feeling=threatened/uncomfortable
A03: X= social norms change over time= homosexuality= mental disorder= now socially acceptable= definition based society's attitudes.= not appropriate=defining abnormality
A03: strength: distinguish desirable and undesirable behaviour= more effective than statistical infrequency definition as it ignores this
Failure to function adequately
abnormal b=judged= can cope every day living=e.g. work
behaviour= not distressing to individual/others= not abnormal= according to this defenition
Schizophrenia=abnormal=symptoms=distressing to others= even if they believe it isn't
Definition
= a person is abnormal if they are unable to cope with the demands of everyday life e.g. self care
Rosenham= signs of not coping=e.g. don't conform to interpersonal rules e.g. not respecting personal space, unpredictable behaviour- severe distress personal distress-their behaviour danger to themselves/others
A03: Abnormal behaviour may actually be helpful=person ocd-handwashing= makes cheerful= now copes with day= depressive people= act a certain way=offered help=reward=successful treatment= behaviour positive
A03: strength=Focuses on the individual= feelings= how they are managing every day life =from the their perspective- someone feels struggling-deemed abnormal=get help
Deviation from ideal mental health ( Jahoda)
Define what is normal/ideal= deviates=abnormal
Require us= decide characteristics =consider= necessary-mental health
Jahoda-identified six characteristics=individual happy/behave compentently
Absence= criteria= positive mental health= potential mental disorder
Six=cope stressful situations= autonomous=personal growth= self-attitudes=reality perception=integration=environmental mastery(e.g. ability to love)
Jahoda= if can define physical health by looking at absence= we can do same with mental illness
A03= Limitation= psychological definitions devised by white middle class men= disproportionate numbers of certain people being diagnosed as abnormal= e.g. depression = common= women and black ppl= likely to diagnosed as schizophrenic
A03: strength= allows achievement of goals= goals set= focused on= to achieve ideal mental health- in Jahoda's opinion= to achieve normality