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Chapter 6: An Introduction to Energy, Enzymes and Metabolism - Coggle…
Chapter 6: An Introduction to Energy, Enzymes and Metabolism
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enzymes and ribozymes
enzymes
proteins that speed up the rate of a chemical reaction by lowering the activation energy needed to achieve a transition state
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induced fit is where an enzyme undergoes conformational change, allowing substrates to bind more tightly
each enzyme-catalyzed reaction has a maximal velocity (Vmax). The KM value for an enzyme is the substrate concentration at which the velocity of the reaction is half of the maximal value.
Competitive inhibitors raise the KM for the substrate, whereas noncompetitive inhibitors lower the Vmax
Enzyme function may be affected by a variety of other factors, including:
- prosthetic groups
- cofactors
- coenzymes
- temperature
- pH
overview of metabolism
metabolism = is the sum of the chemical reactions in a living organism. Metabolic pathways consist of coordinated chemical reactions that occur in steps and are catalyzed by specific enzymes
catabolic reactions involve the breakdown of larger molecules into smaller ones. These reactions recycle organic molecules that are used as building blocks to make new molecules
some chemical reactions are redox reactions, in which electrons are transferred from one molecule to another. These reactions can be used to make energy intermediates such as NADH
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