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Plasma Membrane - Coggle Diagram
Plasma Membrane
Membrane Transport ( selectively
permeable)
Cells gradients
Transmembrane gradient
Tonicity
Isotonic
Hypertonic
Hypotonic
Ion electrochemical gradient
Transport proteins
Channels
Transporters
Uniporter ( single molecule)
Symporter ( same direction)
Antiporter ( opposite direction)
Passive Transport ( no ATP - with
gradient)
Facilitated diffusion ( needs
transport protein channel)
Osmosis ( Osmotic pressure)
Plant cell
Hypertonic ( Plasmolysis)
Hypotonic ( Turgor pressure)
Animal cell
Hypertonic ( Crenation)
Hypotonic ( osmotic lysis)
Passive diffusion
Active Transport ( requires ATP -
against gradient)
Secondary
Vesicular
Exocytosis
Endocytosis
Pinocytoses
Receptor - mediated
Phagocytosis
Primary
Membrane Synthesis
Proteins
Integral proteins
Transmembrane proteins
directed to ER and transferred via
vesicles
Lipid - anchored proteins
Peripheral proteins
Carbohydtares
Glycosylation
Attached to protein: Glycoprotein
Attached to nitrogen: N- linked
glycosylation
ER
Attached to oxygen of serine: O
-linked glycosylation
Golgi
Attached to lipid: Glycolipid
Lipids
occurs in smooth(ER)
Transferred via vesicles to
Lysosomes
Vacuoles
Plasma membrane
Golgi
Membrane Structure
Phospholipid Bilayer (assymetrical)
Hydrophobic tails
barrier to polar molecules and ions
(water , sugar, Na+)
Fluidity (semifluid)
Movement of lipids within membrane
Hydrophilic head
Spontaneous: Rotational & Lateral
movement
Not spontaneous: Flip-flop (requires
Flippase + ATP
Factors affecting fluidity
Double bonds ( more double bounds -
less interact tails - more fluid)
Cholesterol ( more cholesterol -
higher stability - less fluidity)
Fatty acyl tails lengths ( shorter
acyl tails - more fluid)
Movement of proteins within membrane except
integral proteins that bounded to
cytoskeleton
proteins that bounded to molecules
outside the cell