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Duns Scotus' Theory of Substance - Coggle Diagram
Duns Scotus'
Theory of Substance
an interpretation of the
Aristotelian theory of substance
the most subtle and
original part of
Duns Scotus' system
object of
metaphysics
founded on
intuitive knowledge
From
substance
arise,
on the one hand,
the
individual
thing
that is in
reality
and
, on the other,
the
universal
concept
that is in the
intellect
[because]
substance is
the common nature
of individual beings
e.g.: the substance 'man'
is the common nature
of all men
the common foundation
of the
individuality
of the
real thing
and the
universality
of the
thought thing
e.g. the substance 'man'
is the foundation
both of individual men,
who are numerically many,
and of the universal concept 'man',
by which we think
of men themselves
substance
repels
neither the individual thing
nor the universal concept
[
because
]
it is itself indifferent to
both the individual
and the universal aspect
can acquire
as an object
of the
intellect
,
that
universality
which makes it
a
concept
as a physical
reality
,
that
individuality
which makes it a
thing
external to the soul
is really
neither individual
nor universal
is the proper object
of
intuitive knowledge
The
abstract intellect
grasps
the
universal concept
the universal concept
arises from
the common substance
through a process of
abstraction and universalisation
the universal is
in the intellect
the process of
abstraction and
universalisation
is due to
the concept,
or
species
the intellect and species
concur to form
the universal concept
just as
the father and mother
concur to form
the offspring
Intuitive knowledge
grasps
the
prime substance
of the universe
the prime substance
of the universe is
indifferent to
universality and
individuality
at the same time
the foundation of
universality and
individuality
The
sense
grasps
the external
individual reality
the process of
individualisation
is a process of
specification and
determination
the common substance is
delimited and materialised
into an individual thing
through the process of
individualisation
the real external thing
arises from
the common substance
through a process
of individualisation
Haecceitas
is
the result of
the delimitation
of substance
in the individual
Haecceitas
derives from
haec
,
the pronoun by which
the individual thing
is denoted
Duns Scotus
distinguishes
between
Abstract
knowledge
abstracted
(i.e. prescinded) from
the real existence
of the object
Intuitive
knowledge
of the object
that is present
in its real existence
between
Reality
There are only
individual things
Intellect
There are only
universal concepts