Please enable JavaScript.

Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.

Phonetics - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Discrete (separate) phonemes (44)
      - Distribution of phonemes
      - Transition of phonemes
    - - Phoneme
        
        Allophones
        
        principle
        
        defined as a speech sound pronounced in isolation, free from the influence from the neighboring sounds.
        
        subsidiary
        
        Positional allophones
        
        appear in certain positions in the word due to the pronunciation production of the language
        
        Combinatory allophones
        
        appear in speech due to the processes of the assimilation and the accommodation
        
        functions
        
        distinctive
        
        constitutive
        
        Morpheme constitutive function
        
        Word constitutive function
        
        Sentence constitutive function
        
        recognitive
        
        aspects
        
        The abstract aspect
        
        The functional aspect
        
        The material aspect
      - aspects
        
        articulatory
        
        mechanisms of articulation
        
        Power mechanism
        
        diaphragm
        
        lungs
        
        bronchi
        
        wind pipe or trachea
        
        glottis
        
        pharynx
        
        nasal cavity
        
        mouth cavity
        
        Vibrator mechanism/the voice production mechanism
        
        vocal cords
        
        Resonator mechanism
        
        supra-glotal cavities of the pharynx
        
        larynx
        
        mouth cavity
        
        nasal cavity
        
        Abstraction mechanism
        
        teeth ridge
        
        lips
        
        alveolar
        
        tongue
        
        soft palate
        
        hard palate
        
        acoustic
        
        auditory
        
        functional
      - Modification of sounds in English
        
        Assimilation
        
        direction
        
        progressive
        
        regressive
        
        reciprocal (both)
        
        degree of completeness
        
        complete
        
        incomplete
        
        degree of stability
        
        obligatory (historical)
        
        non-obligatory
        
        Accommodation
        
        labialization
        
        palatalization
        
        Reduction
        
        Quantitative
        
        Qualitative
        
        Elision
        
        Inserting
  - - - syllable formation
        
        V
        
        CVC
        
        CV
        
        VC
        
        with the nucleous
        
        CC
        
        CCC
        
        CCCC
        
        CCCCC
      - syllable division
        
        Syllable division concerning stressed long monophthongs, diphthongs and diphthongoids
        
        Syllable division in case of short vowels manifests their checked character under stress
        
        Syllable division concerning English pre-tonic unstressed vowels
        
        an unstressed short vowel is separated from a succeeding stressed one by a single consonant
        
        vowels are separated by a cluster of two consonants
        
        Syllable division of post tonic vowels
    - - levels
        
        acoustic
        
        auditory
        
        functional
        
        articulatory
      - theories
        
        expiratory theory
        
        sonority theory
        
        theory of muscular tension
        
        loudness theory
      - functions
        
        constitutive
        
        distinctive
        
        identificatory
  - - - physical nature of accent
        
        dynamic
        
        English
        
        German
        
        French
        
        Russian
        
        musical
        
        Chinese
        
        Japanese
        
        Vietnamese
      - degree of accent
        
        primary
        
        secondary
        
        weak
      - Place of accent
        
        free
        
        English
        
        Russian
        
        German
        
        fixed
        
        French
        
        Polish
        
        Czech
  - - - Rhythm
      - Tempo
      - Posation
      - Tembre
      - Syntactical stress
      - Speech melody
    - - acoustic
      - auditory
      - functional
- - - - studies the way the vocal organs are used to produce speech sounds
    - - studies the physical properties of speech sounds
    - - studies how people perceive speech sounds
  - - - Russian
        
        Leningrad phonological school
        
        L. Scherba
        
        V.Vassilyev
        
        L. Zinder
        
        S. Leontyeva
        
        A. Dikushina
        
        Moscow phonological school
        
        A.Reformatskiy
        
        R. Avanesov
        
        Prague linguistic circle
        
        R.Jackobson
        
        N.Trubetskoy
      - Foreign
        
        London school
        
        Daniel Jones
        
        American school
        
        L.Bloomfield
        
        W.Twaddle
        
        Copenhagen school
        
        L.Hjelmslev
        
        M.Halle