cell cycle

Eukaryotes

Prokaryotes

Binary fission

2 genetically identical daughter cells

meiosis

mitosis

Make us unique

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meiosis II

interphase

meiosis I

halves the number of chromosomes & cross over happens

halves the amount of genetic information in each chromosome

happens in sex cells

produces four haploid daughter cells

important for growth & repair tissues

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interphase : phase of the cell cycle during which the chromosomes are decondensed and found in the nucleus (G1, S, G2)

prophase

telophase

cytokinesis

anaphase

metaphase

nuclear envelope breaks down

chromosomes condense

prometaphase

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Nuclear envelope completely fragments

Mitotic spindle is fully formed during this phase

Centrosomes move apart and demarcate the two poles

Spindle fibers interact with sister chromatids

Two kinetochores on each pair of sister chromatids are attached to kinetochore microtubules from opposite poles

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Pairs of sister chromatids are aligned along a plane halfway between the poles called the metaphase plate

Organized into a single row

When this alignment is complete, the cell is in metaphase

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Connections broken between sister chromatids

Each individual chromatid is linked to only one pole by kinetochore microtubules

Kinetochore microtubules shorten, pulling chromosomes toward the pole to which they are attached

The two poles move away from each other .as overlapping polar microtubules lengthen and push against each other

Chromosomes have reached their respective poles and decondense
Nuclear membranes now re-form to produce two separate nuclei

Two nuclei are segregated into separate daughter cells

Animals – cleavage furrow constricts like a drawstring to separate the cells

Plants – cell plate forms a cell wall between the two daughter cells

produces two diploid daughter cells that are genetically identical