cell cycle
Eukaryotes
Prokaryotes
Binary fission
2 genetically identical daughter cells
meiosis
mitosis
Make us unique
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meiosis II
interphase
meiosis I
halves the number of chromosomes & cross over happens
halves the amount of genetic information in each chromosome
happens in sex cells
produces four haploid daughter cells
important for growth & repair tissues
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interphase : phase of the cell cycle during which the chromosomes are decondensed and found in the nucleus (G1, S, G2)
prophase
telophase
cytokinesis
anaphase
metaphase
nuclear envelope breaks down
chromosomes condense
prometaphase
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Nuclear envelope completely fragments
Mitotic spindle is fully formed during this phase
Centrosomes move apart and demarcate the two poles
Spindle fibers interact with sister chromatids
Two kinetochores on each pair of sister chromatids are attached to kinetochore microtubules from opposite poles
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Pairs of sister chromatids are aligned along a plane halfway between the poles called the metaphase plate
Organized into a single row
When this alignment is complete, the cell is in metaphase
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Connections broken between sister chromatids
Each individual chromatid is linked to only one pole by kinetochore microtubules
Kinetochore microtubules shorten, pulling chromosomes toward the pole to which they are attached
The two poles move away from each other .as overlapping polar microtubules lengthen and push against each other
Chromosomes have reached their respective poles and decondense
Nuclear membranes now re-form to produce two separate nuclei
Two nuclei are segregated into separate daughter cells
Animals – cleavage furrow constricts like a drawstring to separate the cells
Plants – cell plate forms a cell wall between the two daughter cells
produces two diploid daughter cells that are genetically identical