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CLASS SOCIETY AND THE ORIGIN OF THE NATION 04.LIBERAL REVOLUTION - Coggle…
CLASS SOCIETY AND THE ORIGIN OF THE NATION
04.LIBERAL REVOLUTION
THE RESTORATION IS OVERTURNED
Period after the Congress of Vienna
Three waves of antiabsolutist revolutionary movements
Someone's had strong nationalist component
liberal revolutions
transition
estate system ---> class society
contributed to the expansion of the Industrial Revolution
THE REVOLUTIONARY WAVE OF 1820
The Holy Alliance took part in military interventions in Spain, Naples and Piedmont and reinstated absolutism
Portuguese revolutionaries to establish a constitutional regime.
Greece’s independence
led to war
Great Britain, Russia and France took part in the war in 1827
THE REVOLUTIONARY WAVE OF 1830
Charles X
succeeded
LOUIS XVIII
Liberal ideas
caused war
July Revolution
against Charles X
Louis Philippe of Orleans
recognised national sovereignty
abolished censorship and extended the right to vote
Netherlands
established a parliamentary monarchy
overthrow of Charles X
influenced the nationalistic uprising in Poland, Russian Empire
THE REVOLUTIONARY WAVE OF 1848
Louis Philippe of Orleans ----> becoming more conservative
led to a revolution
Second French Republic
Louis Napoleon Bonaparte, Napoleon’s nephew, was later elected president
proclaimed the Second French Empire in 1851
Revolution of 1848
spread to cities in Austria, the German Confederation, Italy and Russia
THE CONSOLIDATION OF LIBERAL REGIMES
right to vote started to increase
political parties
FRANCE
no real separation of powers, as everything depended on Napoleon III.
result was always favourable to him
plebiscites or referendums to justify his position.
GREAT BRITAIN
Queen Victoria
two political parties
Liberal party
Conservative Party
PRUSSIA AND AUSTRIA
censitary suffrage
constitutional texts in the Kingdom of Prussia and in Austria
dual monarchy in 1867, called the Austro-Hungarian Empire. It had two capitals, governments and parliaments, and a single sovereign.
THE UNITED STATES
The Union (S)
abolish slavery
American Civil war
The Union won
The Confederate States (S)
Abraham Lincoln dead
first to recognise women's suffrage
Racial segregation
after the Civil War, industrialisation and American economic prosperity attracted mass immigration from Europe