Liberal Revolutions
The Restoration is overturned
There were three waves of antiabsolutist revolutionary movements in Europe
The Revolutionary Wave of 1830
The Revolutionary Wave of 1848
The Revolutionary Wave of 1820
The Holy Alliance took part in military interventions in Spain and reinstated absolutism
A democratic assembly declared Greece’s independence from the absolutist power of the Ottoman Empire
The Holy Alliance had a division among its members because of Great Britain’s criticism
Charles X hoped to reign in an absolutist way ignoring the limits of his predecessor’s French Charter
A lot of people organised the July Revolution in Paris against the absolutist tendencies of Charles X
In France, Louis Philippe of Orleans’ reign was becoming more conservative.
Discontent among radical liberals.
This all led to a revolution in which the Second French Republic was proclaimed
The Consolidation of Liberal Regimes
France
Great Britain
Prussia and Austria
The United States
Ellis Island
Instead of elections, the emperor called plebiscites or referendums to justify his position
The questions were asked in such a way that the result was always favourable to him
Much of the success of British politics was due to reforming its laws to increase representation
The mobilisation of the Hungarian nationalists converted the two countries into a dual monarchy
The Austro-Hungarian Empire
After the American Civil War slavery was abolished but there still was racial segregation
It was a symbol of great waves of European migrants arriving in the United States
