LIBERAL REVOLUTIONS

THE RESTORATION IS OVERTURNED

antiabsolutist revolutionary movements

strong nationalist component

liberal revolutions

same route as the 18th-century

class society

expansion of the Industrial Revolution

THE REVOLUTIONARY WAVE OF 1820

Holy Alliance

Spain

Naples

Piedmont

reinstated absolutism

declined

divisions among its members

Great Britain’s criticism

absolutist troops did not penetrate Portugal

constitutional regime.

1822

outbreaks in France and Russia

easily stopped

Greece’s independence

supported by liberals

led to war

1827

Great Britain, Russia and France

took part in the war

defence of their strategic interests

support of the Greeks

independence in 1830

THE REVOLUTIONARY WAVE OF 1830

Charles X

reign in an absolutist way

bourgeoisie had liberal ideas

not match the monarch’s aspirations

1830

July Revolution

Paris

against the absolutist tendencies

economic crisis

After the king abdicated

parliamentary monarchy

Louis Philippe of Orleans

national sovereignty

censorship

right to vote

Belgians independence from Netherlands

parliamentary monarchy