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The eukaryotic cell cycle - Coggle Diagram
The eukaryotic cell cycle
Mitosis
interphase
S. synthesis of DNA
replicating each chromosome to form pair of chromatids
G2. second gap
synthesizes the proteins necessary during mitosis
cell growth
G1. First gap
cell growth
signaling molecules causing molecular changes during G1
restriction point
(G1 check point)
the cell becomes committed to enter S phase
mitosis
metaphase
sister chromatids align
along the metaphase plate
Anaphase
Each individual chromatid is linked to only one
pole by kinetochore microtubules and pulling them
The two poles move away from each other as overlapping polar microtubules lengthen and push against each other
Connections broken between sister chromatids
prometaphase
Nuclear envelope
completely fragments
Mitotic spindle
is formed
Centrosomes move apart
and demarcate the
two poles
Spindle fibers interact
with sister chromatids
Two kinetochores on each pair of
sister chromatids are attached to
kinetochore microtubules from opposite poles
Telophase
Chromosomes have reached their respective
poles and decondense
re-forming nuclear envelope
Prophase
Sister chromatids
condense
the nuclear envelope dissociate into vesicles then the nucleolus is no longer visible
cytokinesis
Animals
cleavage furrow constricts like
a drawstring to separate the cells
Plants
cell plate forms a cell wall between
the two daughter cells
Two nuclei are segregated into separate daughter cells
Meiosis
is the process by which haploid cells are produced from a cell that was originally diploid
Meiosis II
Metaphase II
Sister chromatids align along the metaphase plate. each pair of sis chromatids is attached to both poles
Anaphase II
Sister chromatids separate, individual chromosomes move toward the poles as kinetochore microtubules shorten.Polar microtubules lengthen and push the poles apart.
Prometaphase II
sister chromatids attach to the spindle via kinetochore microtubules
Telophase II
Chromosomes decondense, and the
nuclear envelope re-forms
Prophase II
sister chromatids condense, the spindle starts to form, the nuclear envelope dissociate into vesicles.
cytokinesis
Cleavage furrows separate the 2 cells into 4 cells
End of meiosis II
separate the 2 cells into 4 cells
4 haploid daughter cells
Meiosis I
Metaphase I
bivalents organized along
metaphase plate as double row
to promote genetic diversity
Anaphase I
segregation of homologues occurs
Prometaphase I
spindle apparatus complete,
chromatids attach to kinetochore microtubules
Pairs of sister chromatids
attached to SINGLE pole
Telophase I
sister chromatids have reached their respective poles and decondense and nuclear membranes reform
Prophase I
chromosomes condense, bivalents
form and the nuclear membrane breaks down
cytokinesis
End of meiosis 1
two hapliod cells
no pairs of homologous chromosomes
decision to divide
internal factors
Cell cycle control molecules
Checkpoints
external factors
Environmental conditions
Signaling molecules