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Families & Households- CHILDHOOD - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Children are no longer to be 'seen and not heard' like they were in Victorian times, instead they are now the focal point on the family, consulted on many decisions as never before. Parents invest a great deal in their children emotionally as well as financially, and often have high aspirations for them to have a better life.
    - - SUE PALMER(2007) argues that childhood is slowly turning toxic. She argues that rapid technological and cultural changes such as increase in junk food, computer games are leading children's intellectual and emotional development to be damaged. Long hours worked by parents can also affect children and their chances of having a genuine childhood.
  - - - HILLMAN(1993) found that boys are more likely to be allowed to cross or cycle on roads and go out unaccompanied
        BONKE(1999) found that girls do more domestic labour - especially in lone-parent families, where they do five times more housework than boys.
        ETHNIC DIFFERENCES- Asian parents are more likely than parents of other ethnic groups to be stricter towards daughters than sons.
        CLASS INEQUALITIES- poor children are more likely to die in infancy or do badly at school.
        We cannot speak of 'children' in general, as if they were all equal - social class, gender and ethnic differences affect their life chances.
    - - FIRESTONE(1979) argue that extensive care and protection are just new forms of oppression - being banned from paid work is not a benefit to children but a form of inequality, subjecting them to even greater adult control.
        These critics see the need to free children from adult control, which can be taken in a number of forms: