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4P'S B2B - Coggle Diagram
4P'S B2B
PRODUCTION
PRODUCTION STRATEGIES
MAKE TO STOCK
Strategy of a company to anticipate consumer's demand based on FORECAST but problem : based on passed DATA. Ex : Covid with toilet paper. Big volume produced and you cannot forecast as the habits are changing.
MAKE TO ORDER
Strategy of company to produce the product after that the client places an order. Ex : For a car, client have to wait. + high personalization and ideal for companies that don't produce a lot.
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LEAN THINKING
= framework that you are going to use to optimize employees satisfaction and eliminate waste of time that leads to over-costs to customers and suppliers. see course for details
PRODUCTION TYPES
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DISCREET MANUFACTURING
- Assembled on production lines and the finished goods can vary considerably (ex : difference between commercial planes and private jet)
JOB SHOP MANUFACTURING
- High personalization, low quantities produced
- Assembled in a workshop/workstations or even where it will be used instead of an assembly line.
- Each worker may add something to the product when it passes through their station.
- Most observe when you produce one single unit of a product at a time for specific needs
- WHEN IT'S STILL HAVE TO BE ASSEMBLED AT THE PLACE WHERE YOU ARE GOING TO USE THE PRODUCT = PERSONNALISATION (ex : cruise ships)
PRODUCT
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PROBLEM SOLVING PRODUCT
As the the product has to be an effective solution to a company's problem, it's important as a company that supplies stuff to have A DATA BASE OF WHAT EACH CLIENT NEEDS.
→ USE OF CRM (Customer relationship management) TO HAVE AN OVERVIEW OF EVERY CUSTOMER.
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P-PLACE
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LOGISTICS
MANAGING TRANSPORTATION AND LOGISTICS - Customer expectation, transportation cost, risk, supplier relationship, regulations.
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INVENTORY MANAGEMENT ISSUES → Bullwhip effect refers to the difficulties to estimate the demand of each actor in the supply chain when order volumes change. Instead of referring to the end consumer's demand, each actor is going to refer to the demand indicator of the previous company.
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P-PROMOTION
CRM = loyalty actions and personalized offers. Repeat business is better than a new business. (reasons and stages of CRM in the course)
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P-PRICE
B2B PRICING
CALL FOR TENDERS = helps to get the best prices because of the competition between the suppliers. Often used by public institutions that don't make any profit.
LEASING= renting system with monthly payment. (avoiding obsolescence and no need a big ass capital). + LOAN = own the product and pay it over time.
B2B PRICE SPECIFICITIES
WARRANTIES AND SERVICE IN PRICE = That covers production risks, delivery time and damage.
CUSTOM PRICES AND NEGOCIATION = price is often customized and negociated and prices aren't on websites.
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