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SLE - Coggle Diagram
SLE
Risk Factors
Gender likely women
Age between 15 to 44
Family history
Race/ethnicity
Diagnostic Algorithm
History taking
Physical examination
Supporting examination
Definition and Etiology
Definition
SLE is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system attacks its own tissues, causing widespread inflammation and tissue damage in the affected organs. It can affect the joints, skin, brain, lungs, kidneys, and blood vessels.
Etiology
Genetic Predisposition
Mutations in HLA-DR3/DR2,complement genes, and cytokines.
Environment
UV-light, drugs, hormones.
Prognosis and Complication
Prognosis: Survival rates are 85 to 90% during the first ten years. Leading causes of mortality include cardiovascular disease, infections, and renal disease.
Complication: Osteoporosis, jaccoud's arthritis, scaring alopecia, myopathy, budd chiari syndrome.
Treatment (Pharmacology and Non-Pharmacology)
Pharmacology
Thalimodide, Tacrolimus, Cylosprine, Methodexate.
Non-Pharmacology
Avoid stress
Avoid smoking
Use of adquate screen protector
Avoid over-exposure of UV light
Patophysiology
Genetic Predisposition and Environment
Form antibodies and antigens complex
Deposit in the skins, kidney, and joints= inflammation
Butterfly rash, photosensitivity, oral ulcers, alopecia.
Arthralgia, myalgia, arthritis, myositis
Drugs Therapy
Increased bone marrow size
Bone marrow infarction
Decreased blood flow
Bone marrow infarction
Decreased osteoblast, decreased bone formation.
Lupus Classification
SLE, Cutaneous lupus, drug-induced lupus, neonatal lupus.
Clinical Manifestations
The general symptoms include: fever, malaise, arthralgias, myalgias, headache, and loss of appetite and weight. Nonspecific fatigue, fever, arthralgia, and weight changes
Education and Prevention
Prevention
Staying out of the sun between 10 a.m. and 4 p.m., applying sunscreen every day, and wearing sun-protective clothing can prevent UV rays from triggering a lupus flare. Emotional stress and exhaustion can trigger flares. Get plenty of sleep and stay rested.
Differential Diagnosis
Sarcoidosis, acute pericarditis, histoplasmosis, blastomycosis, cutaneous b cell lymphoma.
Pathogenesis
The pathogenesis of SLE includes a complex interaction between the exposome (environmental influence) and genome to produce an epigenetic change that alters the expression of specific genes that contribute to disease development.