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5.2 terrestrial food production systems & food choices - Coggle Diagram
5.2 terrestrial food production systems & food choices
Types of farming systems
Commercial farming
often monoculture
High levels of technology, energy and chemical input
large, profit-making scale, maximising yields per hectare
High outputs
Extensive farming
more land with a lower density of stocking or planting
Low inputs and low outputs
Subsistence farming
usually mixed crops
high human labour
provision of food by farmers for their own families or the local community
relatively low inputs of energy in the form of fossil fuels or chemicals
low capital input and low levels of technology
Intensive farming
Intensive land use
High levels of input and output per unit area
Pastoral farming: raising animals, usually on grass and on land that is not suitable for crops
Arable farming: growing crops on good soils to eat directly or to feed to animals
Mixed farming: both crops and animals and is a system in itself where animal waste is used to fertilise the crops and improve soil structure and some crops are fed to the animals
Factors influencing sustainability of agriculture
Seed/crop/ livestock choices
Water use
Fossil fuel use
fertilisers, pest control
Mechanisation
Antibiotics
Industrialisation
Legislation
Scale of farming
Pollinators
Agribusiness (commercial vs subsistence)
Food
Factors affecting food choices
cultural and religious factors
political
climate
socio-economic