Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Rebellions and Pretenders under Henry VII - Coggle Diagram
Rebellions and Pretenders under Henry VII
Viscount Lovell and the Staffords - 1486
Stemmed from support leftover for Richard III as Francis, Viscount Lovell was a key supporter, joining with Humphrey Stafford (+ his accomplice Thomas Stafford)
where did it occur
Lovell tried to raise a rebellion in Richard III's heartland of support: North Riding of Yorkshire
Humphrey tried to raise forces against Henry in another area of Yorkist support in the Midlands
Easily surpressed but significant as it showed that there was little support for Yorkist rising
outcome for rebels
Humphrey was captured and executed
Thomas was captured but pardoned
Lovell escaped the king's forces
Lambert Simnel and the Rebellion of the Earl of Lincoln - 1487
change in strategy by leading Yorkists
Yorkists needed a figurehead who could claim to be Yorkist prince: Lambert Simnel was this, claiming to be Earl of Warwick (Edward IV"s son) and even crowned King Edward in Ireland May 1487
Yorkists needed the financial support to generate significant military threat to Henry
Landed rebels in northwest in Cumberland and then tried to gain support in North Riding of Yorkshire but Yorkist gentry there were reluctant to commit to the cause
John de la Pole, Earl of Lincoln, put together this conspiracy and fled Henry VII's court after he exhibited the real Earl of Warwick in London
Lincoln joined Lord Lovell at Margaret of Burgundy's court and they persuaded her to support Simnel's claim and pay for a force of mercenaries to invade England
Henry's strategy
Reinstated Earl of Northumberland, who led a portion of Richard's army in Bosworth, to power the north as it was the main base of Richard
this neutralised the old power base
he also reinforced coastal defences in East Anglia
this ensured the Yorkist Howard family had no intention of joining the conspiracy
Battle of Stoke Field
Henry's army, led by Earl of Oxford, met the rebels at East stoke in Nottinghamshire and won
Earl of Lincoln was killed in battle, having been unable to add sufficient followers to his army of mercenaries
Significance
brought an end to Wars of the Roses, making Henry's position safer
led him to begin to develop policy of using bonds of good behaviour to ensure well-behaved landowners who might otherwise face financial ruin
overcame this through Henry's shrewdness and hardwork, military leadership and organisational skills of key supporters and willingness of landowners to support his cause
Henry was able to win over Yorkists who previously opposed him by treating those who rebelled relatively mildly
The Cornish Rebellion - 1497
triggered by the need for revenue to finance the campaign against Scotland
why was it greater threat than Yorkshire rebellion
many more involved - 15000
rebels attempted to exploit rebellion made by Perkin Warbeck
the rebels marched on London, only halted at Blackheath
questions how effective Crown's systems for maintaining order in countryside and challenged the security of Henry's regime by reaching London
Henry's response
he needed to withdraw Lord Daubeney and his troops from defending the Scottish border in oder to ensure effective suppression
Daubeney crushed the rebellion easily enough
the rebel leaders were executed but the rest were treated with conspicuous leniency
the rebellion shocked Henry into ensuring Anglo-Scottish tensions were eased and was particularly cautious about entering further foreign conflicts
The Yorkshire Rebellion - 1489
sparked by resentment of taxation granted by parliament 1489 to finance involvement of English forces in the Brittany campaign
the rebels murdered the Earl of Northumberland in North Riding of Yorkshire in April 1489
some (Vergil) argued Northumberland was a victim of resentment against taxation, with his tenants enabled to murder him as his retainers deserted him
The Perkin Warwick imposture, 1491-97
he was a cloth trader from Tourney who claimed to be Richard, Duke of York (prince in tower)
first in Ireland but he failed to gain support of Irish lords
appeared in France in 1492 and was recieved by King Charles until the Treaty of Etaples forced him out
he fled to the court of Margaret of Burgundy where he trained as a potential Yorkist prince and drew English courtiers into his conspiracies until Henry imposed a trade ban
he attempted to land in England in 1495 but Henry was informed by Sir Robert Clifford so Warwick was quickly deflated and fled
could've been costly as Sir William Stanley was amongst conspirators, making Henry very vulnerable as he was Lord Chamberlain
he fled to Scotland where James IV gave him a royal welcome, with Warwick marrying his cousin, Lady Catherine Gordon and a small Scottish force crossing the border on his behalf
Treaty of Ayton 1497 meant he fled to Ireland but was again rejected in July 1497
he made a final attempt to seek the throne by using uncertainties from 1497 Cornish Rebellion but was arrested and eventually confined to the tower and executed in 1498 after an escape attempt with Earl of Warwick
impacts
demonstrated how fragile Henry's position was considered to be by other rulers
ability to attract patronage from other rulers stood in the way on English relations with foreign nations
yet it also showed the strength of Henry's position as he was able to form treaties, limiting the threat of Warwick and increasing relations