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GENETICS - Coggle Diagram
GENETICS
GEN
DNA (Deoxyribonnuclei Acid) is the molecule that carries genetic information for the development and functioning of an organism
STRUCTURE : Each strand has a backbone made of alternating sugar (deoxyribose) and phosphate groups. Attached to each sugar is one of four bases: adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G) or thymine (T).
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GENETIC DISORDER
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CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY
in this condition, all or part of the chromosome is lost, duplicated, or changed
cri-du-chat syndrome, down syndrome, klinefelter's syndrome, turner syndrome
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MITOCHONDRIAL DISORDERS
can be damaged and inherited if there are genes in DNA and mtDNA that experience mutations. Mutations in nDNA are inherited in an autosomal dominant or recessive manner or are linked to the X chromosome.
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PROTEIN SYNTHESIS
TRANCRIPTION
manufacture of RNA, especially mRNA by copying a portion of DNA by the enzyme RNA polymerase.
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TRANSLATION
the process of translating the nucleotide sequence in an mRNA molecule into a sequence of amino acids that make up a polypeptide or protein.
GENETIC MUTATIONS
MUTATION TYPE
Mutations are of two kinds, if a nucleotide change occurs in a gene, then it is called a gene mutation or genetic mutation, whereas, if the change is in the structure or number of chromosomes, it is called a chromosomal mutation.
MUTATION PROCESS
addition, duplication, deletion, translocation
NUTRIGENETICS
the study of genetic variation in response to diet, focusing on the study of different individuals who have one or more single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) mutations that can affect response to diet
methylene-tetra-hydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) activity. This enzyme is involved in the metabolism of folic acid and the maintenance of homocysteine levels
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