Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
How Do Cells Keep Us Healthy? - Coggle Diagram
How Do Cells Keep Us Healthy?
Cell Membranes
Made out of a phospholipid bilayer
A phospholipid bilayer has the heads pointing out and the tails pointing in
Phospholipids have a hydrophilic head and a hydrophobic tail
Lets in small, nonpolar molecules in through simple diffusion, but doesn't allow large, polar molecules to get through
There are protein channels in the cell membrane that allow large, polar molecules to get through
There are also proteins on the outside of the cell membrane which detect whether or not a molecule is harmful to the cell or not like a virus or an unwanted molecule
Sometimes, a virus can enter the cell through endocytosis and it replicates itself, but the immune system destroys the viruses faster than they are being produced most of the time and what we feel when we get sick is the immune system responding to the virus, not the virus itself
Water is a polar molecule and it travels across the membrane through osmosis
During osmosis, water molecules go to the side where there is more solute because there are less water molecules
A hypertonic solution has more solute than the inside of the cell, a hypotonic solution has less solute than the inside of the cell, and an isotonic solution has an equal amount of solute both inside and outside the cell.
Simple diffusion goes along with the concentration gradient
A concentration gradient is created when there is an unequal amount of molecules on one side than the other side and is resolved when there are an equal amount of molecules on both sides
Molecules want to go from high to low concentration, this is called simple diffusion
When molecules go from low to high concentrations, it is called active transport and requires energy to occur
When simple diffusion occurs through a channel protein, it is called facilitated diffusion
Some channels need a receptor to be filled in order for the channel to open like the glucose transport protein
In order for glucose to enter cells, insulin needs to be produced and fit the insulin receptor protein so that the glucose transport channel can open up and allow glucose in.
Molecules stop moving across the membrane when the concentration when the concentration is equal on both sides