Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
GENETIC DISORDERS, Gene mutations are changes in genetic material in genes…
GENETIC DISORDERS
-
Gene Mutation
Silent mutations or silent mutations are codon changes that do not change the amino acid. This means that changes in DNA nucleotide bases have no effect on protein structure.
A non-sense mutation is a meaningless mutation in which the mutation changes the amino acid codon to a stop codon. The stop codon stops the production of amino acids in the ribosome, so protein cannot be produced.
Miss-sense mutations are mutations that change the codons of nucleotide bases and cause their amino acids to change. However, most proteins resulting from missense mutations are still functionally usable.
Protein Synthesis
-
Translation
During the process of translation, the mRNA sequence is read using the genetic code.
Nutrigenetic
Nutrigenetics describes the interaction of genetic variation with the environment including the nutrients contained in food : :
Nutrigenomic
Nutrigenomics shows the impact of intake of nutrients (macronutrients, micronutrients, and bioactives) on gene expression, where nutrients can activate or ignore certain genes.
Chromosome
Chromosomes are thread-like molecules that carry hereditary information for everything from height to eye color. Chromosomes are made of protein and a molecule of DNA which contains the genetic instructions an organism inherits from parents.
DNA
DNA stands for Deoxyribo Nucleic Acid. DNA is the nucleic acid that carries the genetic material and is a regulator of the biological development of life
Gene
Gene is genetic material consisting of a piece of DNA that determines individual traits. The smallest units of genetic material are found in each specific locus on a chromosome. Genes consist of a piece of DNA that determines individual traits through the formation of polypeptides..
Mendel's law 1
Mendel's law I is also known as the law of segregation (separation). Mendel's first law attempts to explain the independent separation of allele pairs during meiosis in the formation of gametes. Segregation is followed by a change in the number of diploid chromosomes to haploid.
Mendel's law 2
Mendel's Law II is also known as the Law of Assortment (in pairs independently). In Mendel's Law II, each gene or trait can pair independently with other genes or traits that are not identical at the time of gamete formation.
Gene mutations are changes in genetic material in genes caused by a change in the order of nitrogenous bases in the DNA chain. These changes result in changes in the sequence of amino acids which impact on changes in the genotype and phenotype of an individual.
-