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Types of Mines - Coggle Diagram
Types of Mines
Citations
https://www.americangeosciences.org/critical-issues/faq/what-are-main-mining-methods
https://www.angloamerican.com/futuresmart/stories/our-industry/mining-explained/digging-deeper-mining-methods-explained
https://miningdigital.com/digital-mining/underground-vs-surface-coal-mines-deep-drilling-worth-cost
https://www.angloamerican.com/futuresmart/stories/our-industry/mining-explained/mining-terms-explained-a-to-z/open-pit-mining-definition
https://www.nps.gov/yuch/learn/historyculture/placer-mining.htm
https://www.911metallurgist.com/blog/placer-mining-methods
https://adcmemorial.org/en/articles/alluvial-gold-mining-destroying-shorians/
https://yukon.ca/sites/yukon.ca/files/emr/emr-placer-guidebook-mitigation-measures.pdf
https://oreflow.com.au/understanding-the-basics-of-placer-mining-equipment/
https://empoweringpumps.com/5-ways-to-make-mining-more-sustainable/
https://www.angloamerican.com/futuresmart/stories/our-industry/mining-explained/mining-terms-explained-a-to-z/open-pit-mining-definition
https://www.visualcapitalist.com/sp/everything-you-need-to-know-about-in-situ-mining/
https://www.wise-uranium.org/uisl.html
https://blogs.umass.edu/natsci397a-eross/contamination-risks-associated-with-in-situ-recovery-mining-for-uranium/
https://www.mining3.com/situ-recovery-move-towards-keyhole-mining/
https://www.usenix.org/legacy/events/atc11/tech/final_files/Logothetis.pdf
https://www.americangeosciences.org/critical-issues/faq/can-we-mitigate-environmental-impacts-mining
Underground
Benefits
able to reach deeper deposits.
mines higher quality ores
less ground footprint
Disadvantages
expensive
need sopisticated equipments
Mine explosions
Surface decline
Ways to mitigate the harmful effects
Preventing acid rock drainage
Controlling gas emissions
Soil treatment
in-situ treatment zones where reactive materials or electric currents are placed and water passing through would be treated
usage
the ore body is too deep that open-pit mining is no longer profitable
open-surface (pit)
Benefits
Productive
Size of equipment are not limited
cost-efficient
Disadvantages
Land destructions
Unused mountains of soil left on ground
Floods
Ways to mitigate the harmful effects
Reclamation
Soil treatments
Control gas emissions
usage
When ores located near under the land surface
in-situ mining
benefits
no noise
no dust or green house gas emission
minimal visual disturbance
does not require process of chemical explosions
Efficient water usage
Disadvantages
risk of spreading leached minerals
Ground water pollution
Heavy metal pollutions
Radiation pollution
usage
mine radioactive minerals
Ways to mitigate the harmful effects
Grow plants that can absorb radiations or heavy metals
Use other ways of mining to extract heavy metals out of soil
placer
Benefits
No machinery needed
No organizations required
Easier to locate deposits
Disadvantages
cause damage to water sheds
effects local fish health
destruction of the fertile layer of topsoil on agricultural territories
pollute drinking water to local people and livestocks
Ways to mitigate harmful effects
Stream Channel design
Runoff control
Erosion control
usage
recovering heavily eroded minerals from gravel or sand
uses mineral's high density which causes the metal sink to sink quickly from moving water