Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Monatomic and Electrolytes - Coggle Diagram
Monatomic and Electrolytes
Ion
an atom or group of atoms in which the number of electron s is different from the number of proton s.
if number of electrons is less than the number of protons, the particle is a positive ion, also called a cation.
high melting and boiling points.
non-volatile.
hard and brittle.
dissociate into ions when dissolved in water.
forms crystals.
good insulators.
higher enthalpies of fusion and vaporization than molecular compounds.
Acid
any hydrogen-containing substance that is capable of donating a proton (hydrogen ion) to another substance.
the substances are usually identified by their sour taste.
sour.
soluble in water.
turn blue litmus into red.
pH less than 7.
electrolytes.
vanderwaals radius.
ionic radius.
electronegativity
Atom
a particle of matter that uniquely defines a chemical element.
consists of a central nucleus that is surrounded by one or more negatively charged electrons.
neutral, because the number of protons is equal to the number of electrons.
atomic number of an element is determined by the number of protons in an atom.
very small, having a radius of approximately 0.1 nm.
radius of the nucleus is approximately 1/10,000th of the atom.
Molecule
smallest particle of a substance that has all of the physical and chemical properties of that substance.
made up of one or more atoms.
small in size.
spaces between them.
constant motion.
possess kinetic energy.
Salt
consists of the positive ion (cation) of a base and the negative ion (anion) of an acid.
reaction between an acid and a base is called a neutralization reaction.
the term is also used to refer specifically to common table salt, or sodium chloride.
crystal or white crystalline powder.
soluble in water.
transparent and colorless in crystalline form.
crystallizes in isometric system.
specific gravity of 2.165.
slightly soluble in alchohol.
absorbs moisture from damp atmospheres above 75% relative humidity.
insoluble in concentrated hydrochloric acid.
melts at 801°C and begins to vaporize at temperatures just slightly above the boiling point of 1,413°C
Base
a molecule or ion able to accept a hydrogen ion from an acid.
the substances are characterized by a bitter taste and a slippery texture.
slippery or soapy.
alkalis are soluble in water.
lose their basicity when mixed in acid.
some are great conductors of electricity.
react with acid to form salt and water.
Prastha