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Diego Delgado P.3 Nervous System - Coggle Diagram
Diego Delgado P.3 Nervous System
Spinal Nerves
Mixed nerves that interact directly with the spinal cord to modulate motor and sensory information from the body's periphery.
Spinal Nerves are separated into sections; Cervical, thoracic, lumbral, sacral, coccygeal
major functions of the nervous system :warning:
Transmits signals between the brain and the rest of the body.
Nervous system controls our ability to think, move breathe and more
Classification of Neurons
Sensory: nerve cells that are activated by sensory input from the environment
Motor: specialized type of brain cell called neurons located within the spinal cord and brain.
Interneurons: connect spinal motor and sensory neurons
Major Parts/Functions of Spinal Cord
Cervical: neck
Thoracic: chest
Lumbar: lower back
The spinal cord connects your brain to your lower back. Your spinal cord carries nerve signals from your brain to your body and vice versa
Reflex Arc:
Sensory Neurons that receive stimulation and in turn connect to other nerve cells that activate muscle cells which perform the reflex action.
Disorders/Diseases
Cerebrovascular Accident (stroke): blood flow to position of the brain is halted
Autism: Brain disorder that makes it difficult for someone to communicate
Alzheimer's Disease: A form of dementia associated with age
Spinal Cord Injury: Damage to the spinal cord
Meningitis: Infection in meninges surrounding brain
Multiple Sclerosis: Autoimmune disease that damages the myelin sheath
Cranial Nerves
Olfactory Nerve: Sense of smell
Optic Nerve: Ability to see
Oculomotor Nerve: Ability to move and blink eyes
Trochlear Nerve: Ability to move your eyes up and down or back and forth
Trigeminal Nerve: Sensations in your face and cheeks, taste and jaw movements
Abducens Nerve: Ability to move your eyes.
Facial Nerve: facial expressions and sense of taste
Auditory/vestibular nerve: Sense of hearing and balance
Glossopharyngeal Nerve: Ability to taste and swallow
Vagus Nerve Digestion and heart rate
Accessory Nerve: Shoulder and neck muscle movement
Hypoglossal nerve: Ability to move your tongue
Action Potential/Nerve Impulse
Electrical charge that travels along the membrane of a neuron
Action Potential: occurs when a neuron sends information down an axon, away from the cell body
Impulse Conduction: lets nerve impulses travel rapidly within a neuron
Structure of Neuron
Cell membrane, dendrite, cell body, axon, node of raniver, myelin sheath, synapse, oligodendrocyte
Connective Tissue Coverings
Epimysium: Outermost layer of tissue surrounding entire muscle
Perimysium: Middle layer surrounding bundles of muscle fibers
Endomysium: Innermost layer surrounding individual muscle fibers
Major Parts/Functions of Brain
Cerebrum: Interprets sight, sounds and touches. Also regulates emotions, learning and reasoning
Cerebellum: Maintains balance, posture, coordination and fine motor skills
Brainstem: regulates many bodily autonomic functions
Divisions/Subdivisions of Nervous System :no_entry:
Central Nervous System: brain and spinal cord
Peripheral Nervous System: nerves that branch off spinal cord and extend to other parts of body
Neurotransmitters
Molecules used by the nervous system to transmit messages between neurons or from neurons to muscles
Acetylophine: associated with alzheimers disease
Dopamine: Parkinson's disease
Gultamate and GABA: epilepsy and seizures
Serotonin: major depression
Comparing and Contrasting Autonomic/Somatic Nervous System
Autonomic: motor pathways - connects the CNS to visceral organs such as heart stomach and intestines
Somatic: Sensory and motor pathways