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Science Term 2 - Coggle Diagram
Science Term 2
Atoms
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Atomic models
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Niels Bohr
he discovered the that electrons travel is separate orbits/different energy levels from doing spectometry on hydrogen gas
Electrons
a negatively charged subatomic particle that can be either bound to an atom or free, It has a mass of 1/2000 amu
Protons
A proton is a subatomic particle found in the nucleus of every atom, It has a mass of 1 amu,
Neutrons
A neutron is a subatomic particle found in the nucleus of every atom except that of simple hydrogen, It has a mass of 1 amu
Acid
An acid is a solution that has an excess of H+ ions. It comes from the Latin word acidus that means "sharp" or "sour".
The more H+ ions, the more acidic the solution.
Properties of acid
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Corrosive, which means they break down certain substances. Many acids can corrode fabric, skin,and paper
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Uses of acid
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Citric Acid = lemons, limes, & oranges. It is in many sour candies such as lemonhead & sour patch.
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Sulfuric acid is used in the production of fertilizers, steel, paints, and plastics.
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Molecules
The smallest particle of a substance that has all of the physical and chemical properties of that substance. Molecules are made up of one or more atoms
Element
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Such as Mg (Magnesium), H (Hydrogen), He (Helium), At (Astatine)
Compound molecule
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Ex: water (H2O) has three atoms, two hydrogen (H) atoms and one oxygen (O) atom
Molecules of a compound:
Have atoms of 2 or more different elements as such: H2O, CO2
Ions
An ion is an atom or group of atoms in which the number of electron s is different from the number of protons
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Anions: Anions are negatively charged ions, they are formed when non-metal gains the electrons. They gain one or more than one electron. Therefore, they possess a net negative charge
Cations:
Cations are ions that are positively charged. If a balanced atom loses one or more electrons, it will become a positively charged cation.
Salt
A substance produced by the reaction of an acid with a base. A salt consists of the positive ion (cation) of a base and the negative ion (anion) of an acid.
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Uses of salt
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Used in tanning, dyeing and bleaching, and the production of pottery, soap, and chlorine
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Base
Definition
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Uses of base
Bases give soaps, ammonia, and many other cleaning products some of their useful properties.
The OH- ions interact strongly with certain substances, such as dirt and grease.
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