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06 Nervous: Luna Ruiz - Coggle Diagram
06 Nervous: Luna Ruiz
Nervous disease/disorder
Stroke: portion of brain is halted
Autism: brain disorder making it difficult to communicate
Alzheimer's disease: Form of dementia associated w/ age
Spinal cord injury: Damage to the spinal cord
Meningitis: infection in the meninges surrounding the brain
Multiple sclerosis: Autoimmune disease that damages myelin sheath
Reflex Arc(major parts/functions)
A reflex arc is an involuntary unplanned sequence and a response to a stimulus
Receptors
It binds a specific ligand molecule
Sensory Neurons
Carries impulses from the receptor to the CNS
Inter neurons
They carry sensory information and regulate motor activity
Motor Neurons
Transmit impulses from the spinal cord to skeletal and smooth muscles
Major parts/functions of brain
Cerebrum
Cerebrum interprets sight, sounds, and touches. As well as regulates emotions, reasoning, and learning.
Cerebellum
Cerebellum maintains balance, posture, coordination, and fine motor skills
Brainstem
The brain stem regulates many automatic body functions.
Major parts/function of spinal cord
Cervical (neck)
Provides support the weight of your head, protects spinal cord, and allows head motions
Cervical (neck)
Provides support the weight of your head, protects spinal cord, and allows head motions
Thoracic (chest)
Protects heart/spinal and vital organs
Major functions of the nervous system
*
The nervous system's activity controls the ability to move, breathe, see, think, and more The nervous system transmits signals between the brain and the rest of the body, including internal organs
Cranial nerves
Cranial nerves send electrical signals between your brain, face, neck, and torso. Your cranial nerves help you taste, smell,hear, and feel sensations.
As well as make expressions, blink, and move your tongue
Spinal Nerves
Spinal nerves mixed nerves that interact directly with the spinal cord to modulate motor and sensory information from the body's periphery
Neuron transmitters
Chemical messengers that your body can't function without
(dopamine, serotonin,glutamine, etc)
Classification of neurons
Inter neurons
-
They connect spinal motors and sensory neurons. As well as transferring signals between sensory and motor neurons
Motor neurons-
Are specialized type of brain cells called neurons located within the spinal cord and brain
Sensory Neurons-
Nerve cells that are activated by sensory input from the environment (ex: when touching a hot object, sensory neurons fire up and send signals to the rest of the nervous system)
Compare/contrast autonomic nervous system
A comparison is they both compare a nervous system in the body.
Contrast is the autonomic system nervous system controls internal glands and organs
While the somatic nervous system controls muscles and movement
Action potential/Nerve impulse
Nerve Impulses
The signal that travels along the length of a nerve fiber and ends in the release of neuron transmitters
Action Potential
An action potential occurs when the membrane potential of a specific cell location rapidly rises and falls
Drugs of abuse
Ecstasy
Ecstasy interferes with the serotonin neuron transmitters, ecstasy effects mood, sleep, and appetite.
It as well has addictive properties.
Heroin
Heroin interferes with the inhibitory and dopamine neuron transmitters, it produces feelings of sedation and well being
Marijuana
THC turns off the inhibition & dopamine gets to the synapse, Marijuana removes unnecessary short term memory, slows down movement, and relaxes you
Methamphetamine
Meth causes an overflow of dopamine as well as HIGHLY addictive, users feel intense pleasure and exhilaration
Alcohol
Alcohol prevents glum-ate from entering the cell, it effects memory and impulse control
Cocaine
Cocaine traps the synaptic cleft and overstimulates the cell, it controls voluntary movements, users get fidgety & unable to stay still
LSD
LSD effects and binds serotonin, causes feelings of wakefulness and evoking startle respond to unexpected stimulus
Major sub/divisions
The CNS is made up of the brain and spinal cord
The PNS is made up of nerves that branch off from the spinal cord and extends to all parts of the body
Tissues
Neuron
The main parts of a neuron include the cell body, dendrites, and an axon.
The function of a neuron is to carry messages over large distances in the body quickly in the form of electrical signals.
Neuralgia
The neuralgia functions to support, protect, and nourish neurons.
Connective tissue coverings
Endomysium
Layer of skeletal muscle that is located within a fassicle and has no blood vessels, surronds the skeletal muscle and cells
Perimysium
-A contiuous layer of collagenous connective tissue that seperates the skeletal muscle tissue into muscle fascicles
*Epimysium
A thick connective tissue layer that is composed of coarse collagen fibers in proteogylcan matrix