HUMANISM AND KNOWLEDGE

Humanism

was a cultural movement

it developed in 15th and 16th centuries

had a flourishing economiy and rich artistic heritage

began in the 14th century

in rich city-states of the north part of Italian peninsula

the northern part of Italian peninsula in the mid 15th century

humans inteligence became the main concerns of the humanists

the main characteristics are:

developed an anthropocentric world view

ANTHROPOCENTRISMTHE

REVIVAL OF ANTIQUITY

THE LOVE OF KNOWLEDGE

The spread of knowledge

Scientific knowledge

Printing presses and universities in the 15th century

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humanist artists and thinkers were supported by patrons

cultural and artistic activities

thanks to that they took wealth and power

patrons were governors and ritch families, typically

theire courts and palace were the epicentres of humanism

humanists created academies to teach their ideas and develop new ones

the most know academy was in Florence

by the Medici family which governed the city at that time

important humanists from outside Florence

SIR THOMAS MORE

CARDINAL CISNEROS

ERASMUS OF ROTTERDAM

humanism in europe

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humanist ideas and knowledge

spread more rapidly in the Modern Age

knowledge was spread through books written by hand

written by clergymen in monasteries

the printing press

books were produced more easily

ideas spread more quickly

in 1440 was invent the movable-type printing press

by Johannes Gutenberg

improved literacy and intellectual life

was no restricted to monasteries and universities

work as follow

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find a well-reasoned explanation

many of the advances were not popular with some societies

scientific method used in Ancient Greece and Rome

Religious leaders and even some politicians

thinkers and academics

ASTRONOMY

MEDICINE

heliocentric theory contradicted the geocentric theory

16th century developed the heliocentric theory

17th century Galileo Galilei proved Copernicus’ theory

heliocentric theory

geocentric theory

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by Polish astronomer Nicolaus Copernicus

Earth and all the other planets orbited the Sun

developed in the 2nd century by Ptolemy

the Earth was the immobile centre of the Universe

other celestial bodies orbited around it

using the invation of the telescope

Galileo was condemned by the Church

accept the empirical evidence he provided

interested in understanding the world

the natural processes that occurred in it

the study of nature

based on observation and experimentation

for natural phenomena and provide empirical evidence

were opposed to those advances

devoted to the teachings of the Bible or classical antiquity

17th century the microscope was invented

was widespread opposition to clinical trials

treaty of anatomy by Vesalius

theory of pulmonary circulation of blood

development of pharmacology

by Miguel Servet

by Paracelsus

GEOGRAPHY

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Earth was spherical

modern cartography began

the world map drawn by Gerardus Mercator

in 1569

Straight lines called

meridians

parallels

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