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Science Term2 - Coggle Diagram
Science Term2
Ions
looking where it is on the periodic table is how its written in shorthand notation. the total charge is based on which column the elements located.
anions: (-) ions that are formed by elements on the right side of the periodic table. non-metals usually become anions
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Acid
Properties
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Corrosive, which means they break down certain substances. Many acids can corrode fabric, skin,and paper
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Definition
An acid is a solution that has an excess of H+ ions. It comes from the Latin word acidus that means "sharp" or "sour".
Example
Examples of acids include the inorganic substances known as the mineral acids sulfuric, nitric, hydrochloric.
uses
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Critic Acid = lemons, limes and oranges. it is in many sour candles such as lemonhead & sour patch
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Sulfuric acid is used in the production of fertilizers, steel, paints, and plastics.
Atom
Mass number
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The mass of an atom in atomic mass units (amu) is apporximately the total number of protons and neutrons in the atom
Atomic number
The atomic number or nuclear charge number of a chemical element is the charge number of an atomic nucleus
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Atom theories
Ernest Rutherford
ernest rutherford discovered the nucleus at the center of the atoms using the "gold foil experiment" which a piece of gold foil was hit with some alpha particle which they have a positive charge and it was shown that most of the alpha particles went right through and it showed that the gold atoms were mostly empty space which then led to his nucleur model
JJ thomson
jj thomson discovered electrons using the cathode ray experiment in which he showed that all atoms contain tiny negatively charged subatomic particles or electrons, which then led to his plum pudding model
Niels bohr
niels bohr discovered electrons that are in a certain orbit using the spectometry of hydrogen gas experiment where the atom as a central nucleus was containing protons and neutrons with the electrons in circular orbitals at specific distances from the nucleus, from his experiment that then led to his planetary model
Acid bases reaction
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A reaction between an acid and a base is called neutralization. An acid base mixture is not as acidic or basic as the individual starting solutions.
Base
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Definiton
- A base is a solution that has an excess of OH- ions.
- Another word for base is alkali.
- Bases are substances that can accept hydrogen ions
Molecules
Elements
element: a substance that is made up
of only one atom as such: He, Mg, Ca
Compound
Molecules of compounds have atoms of two or more different elements. For example, water (H2O) has three atoms, two hydrogen (H) atoms and one oxygen (O) atom.
Salt
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Properties
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hard, brittle, and are non volatile in nature
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