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ARCH100 Module 1 Thinking Archaeology - Coggle Diagram
ARCH100 Module 1
Thinking Archaeology
A - What is Archaeology
Archaeology is the study of past human
behaviour from material items left behind
People tend not to think of every possible explanation, so only a few possibilities get tested.
Eliminating all your possibilities except one, doesn’t make that one the only possible answer.
Occam’s Razor: Entities are not to be multiplied beyond necessity. The explanation or hypothesis that that explains a series of observations with the fewest assumptions or leaps (of faith) is the best explanation or hypothesis.
Applying Occam’s Razor: Nazca Lines
Lost Knowledge & Technology
The Atlantis Connection
Moving Heavy Stones
Baghdad Battery
B - thinking Archaeology
Anthropology
Cultural Anthropology
Linguistic Anthropology
Biological Anthropology
Archaeology
Archaeological Sites
Hunting stands; tool preparation sites; burial sites; food processing and procurement sites; camp sites; rock art sites, and even cities.
Finding Sites
Mapping Sites
Excavation
Profiles
Screening
After Excavation: Lab Work
Recognizing Artifacts
Distinguishing Artifacts and Non Artifacts
C - Context & Archaeology Culture
How old is it?
Relative dating
Absolute Dating
Methods for Absolute Dating
Radiocarbon Dating
Context & Association
Cultures
define these cultures based on physical traces that we can actually see
Archaeological Cultures: Phases
phases are a shorthand a quick & easy way of describing a particular time period, region, & variety of types of material culture.
D - Site formation & transformation
N - transform
Those types of changes brought about by the natural world, rather than cultural events
C - transform
Those types of changes brought about by the cultural world, or human activity
How Do Sites Form? Abandonment
Repeated Occupation & Site Formation
Intentional Remodelling
Ritual Destruction
Modern ReUse
Artifacts and C Transforms
Tree Roots, Wave Action and Groundwater