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Anthony Jimenez Period. 5 Nervous System - Coggle Diagram
Anthony Jimenez
Period. 5
Nervous System
classification of neurons
Functional classification
Motor( Carry impulses from CNS to effectors)
Interneurons( between motor and sensory Neurons)
Sensory( transmits impulses from sesnsory receptors torwards CNS)
Structural classification
Bipolar(2 processes)
Unipolar( One T like process)
Multipolar(3 or more processes)
Major divisions
Diencephalon
Hypothalamus
Main visceral control and regulating center that is vital to homeostasis
Epithalamus
Most dorsal portion of Diencephalon
Thalamus
Acts as relay station for information coming into cortex
Brain stem
Pons
Located between mid brain and medulla oblongata
Medulla Oblongata
Blends into spinal cord at Foramen magnum
Mid brain
Located between Diencephalon and Pons
Cerebral hemisphere(83% of brain mass)
Temporal lobe
Occipital lobe
Parietal lobe
Insula lobe
Frontal lobe
Cerebellum(11% of brain mass)
located dorsal to Pons and medulla
Spinal Nerves(31 pairs)
5 pairs of lumbar nerves
5 pairs of sacral nerves
12 pairs of thoracic nerves
1 pair of tiny coccygeal
8 pairs of cervical Nerves
Neurotransmitters
Amino acids(Imake up all proteins)
Peptides(strings of amino acid)
Biogenic amines
purines(monomers of nucleic acids)
Acetylcholine(released at Neuromuscular junction)
Endocannabinoids(acts at same receptor as THC)
Gases and lipids
Major parts and functions
of spinal cord
Integration
Processing and interpretation of sensory imput
Motor output
Activation of effector organs
Sensory imput
Information gathered by sensory receptors
Drugs of abuse
Ecstasy
Interferes with serotonin neurotransmitter
LSD
Interferes with serotonin receptors
Alcohol
interferes with glutamate neurotransmitter
Heroin
Interferes with dopamine and inhibitory neurotransmitter
Cocaine
Interferes with Dopamine Neurotransmitter.
Methamphetamine
Interferes with dopamine neurotransmitter
Marijuana
Interferes with inhibitory receptor
Major functions
Integration
Proccesing and interpretation of sensory imput
Motor output
Activation of effector organs
Sensory imput
Information gathered by sensory receptors
tissues
Neurons(exciteable cells that transmit electrical signals)
neuroglia(small cells that suround and wrap delicate neurons)
Action potential and nerve impulse
4 main steps for generating action potential
Depolarization
Repolarization
Resting state
hyperpolarization
Cranial Nerves
VI Abducens( Innervating lateral rectus muscle)
VII Facial(Sensory function taste)
V Trigeminal(Sesnory impulses from various areas of face)
VIII Vestibulocochlear( Auditory nerve)]()
IV Trochlear( Directs eyeball)
IX Glossopharyngeal( Function to swallow)
III Oculomotor(function in raising eyelid)
X Vagus(taste buds of toungue)
XI Accesory(spinal accesory nerve)
II Optic(sensory function)
I Olfactory(sensory nerves of smell)
XII Hypoglossal(muscles of toungue for swallowing and speech)
Autonomic Nervous System
Consists of motor neurons that innervate smooth muscles, cardiac muscles, and glands
Reflex Arc
.
Sensory Neuron(transmits afferent impulses to CNS)
Integration center(Monosynaptic or Polysnyaptic region within CNS)
Receptor(site of stimulus action)
Motor Neuron (conducts efferent impulses from integration center to effector organ)
Effector( Muscle fiber or gland cell that responds to efferent impulses by contracting or secreting)
Disorders/ Diseases
Alzheimers disease
Form of dementia associate with age
Spinal cord injury
Damage to spinal cord
Autisim
Brain disorder that makes it difficult to communicate
Meningitis
Infection in meninges surrounding the brain
Cerebrovascular accident(Stroke)
Occurs when blood flows to a portion of the brain and is halted.
Multiple Sclerosis
Autoimmune disease that damages Myosin sheath