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Concept Map: 06 Ashley Thompson - Coggle Diagram
Concept Map: 06 Ashley Thompson
Brain Structure
Fornix: located between the thalamus and the later al ventricle.
Corapus collosum is located between the lateral ventricle and the other parts of the brain.
The Thalumus is near the pineal gland which is next to the thalamus, and the hypothalumus which is located underneath the thalamus.
The third ventricle is above the thalamus.
Between the Cerebrum and the cerebellum there is the transverse fissure.
The deep groove that is located in the saggital region of brain is call the longitudinal fissure.
The shallow and less deep groove between the parietal lobe and frontal lobe is the central sulcus.
There is the occipital lobe which is the furtherest to the back lobe.
There is the temporal lobe at the side of the brain.
Underneath the brain there is the optic nerves which is an antina looking structure.
There is the optic chiasma whch is the "X" of the optic center.
There is the optic tract underneath the optic chiasma.
There is the infidibulum which is a small space between the optic chaisma and the mammilary body.
There is the pons which is under the mammilary body and underneath the pons there is the medulla oblongata.
There is the spinal cord under the medulla oblongata.
There is the olfactory bulbs above the optic center.
Diencephalon center portion of brain surrounded by cerebrum; processes sensory input and controls homeostatic processes
CNS & PNS:
Central nervous system (CNS)
: Made of brain and spinal cord:responsible for integration and decision making.
Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
: made up of cranial and spinal nerves
Subdivisions of PNS:
sensory and motor
Tissue of the Brain: Structure, Function
Meninges
: 3 membrane layers lying between the skull bones and vertebrae and the brain and spinal cord
One layer of the meninges is
Dura mater
: thickest outermost layer of the brain, tissue and dense connective tissue
Middle layer is the
Arachroid mater
The inner most layer is the
pia mater
There is also a space between the arachroid and pia mater called the
subarchnoid space
that contains spinal fluid.
Synapse
: junction between neurons
Synaptic cleft: the space between neurons
Presynaptic neuron: nerve cell that comes before the synapse; sends impulse to the synapse
Postsynaptic nueron: nerve cell that comes after the synapse; receives impulse from the synapse
synaptic vesicle: stores and releases nuerotransmitters
Nuerotransmitter: chemical messenger released into the synaptic cleft
Afferent nerves sensory nerves conduct impulse to CNS along the sensory fibers (axons)
Efferent nerves: motor nerves carry impulse away from CNS to effectors along motor fibers (axons)
Mixed nerves: carry both sensory and motor fibers
There are three coverings of tissue in the nerves. The Epineurium, outer covering of the nerves, the Perineurium, the covering around the fasicle of the nerves, and the Endoneurium, the covering around the individual nerve fibers or axons.
Acetylcholine: neurotransmitter released by parasympathetic postganglionic fibers
Myelin sheath:
Rodes of Ranvier:
Acon hillock
Axon:
Autonomic nervous system:
branch of motor portion of the peripheral nervous system which controls involuntary activities (smooth and cardiac muscles and unconscious activities)
Spinal & Cranial nerves:
Plexus:
network nerves branching from the spinal nerves
Cranial nerves:
12 pairs of nerves arising from the brain
Spinal nerves:
31 pairs of nerves arising from the spinal cord
Somatic nervous system
: branch of motor portion of the peripheral nervous system which controls voluntary activities (skeletal muscles, skin, and conscious activities)
Reflex arc:
simplest of routes nerve impulse travels; causes an involuntary action
Reflex
: involuntary actions following a reflex arc; automatic response to change (stimulus)