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Energy Resources and Energy Transfer Group 2, Natural gas, Oil, Coal -…
Energy Resources and Energy Transfer Group 2
Energy types
Kinetic energy
The energy of motion
Thermal energy :fire:
The energy of heat--The hotter the thing, the higher the thermal energy
Chemical energy :explode:
Anything that can release energy in a chemical reaction has chemical energy
Gravitational potential energy
Anything in a gravitational field
Elastic potential energy
The energy occurs when stretch
Electrostatic energy
The energy when two charges attract or repel each other
Magnetic energy
The energy when two magnets attract or repel each other
Nuclear energy
atomic nuclei release energy from this store in nuclear reactions
Energy transfer
Ways to transfer
By heat
By radiation
Mechanically
Electrically
Thermal energy transfer
Conduction
Solid
Thermal conduction is the process where
vibrating
particles transfer energy by
collision
from their kinetic energy store to the kinetic energy stores of neighbouring particles.
Convection
Liquid and gas
Change in
DENSITY
Convection occurs when the more energetic particles
move
from
the hotter region to the cooler region — and transfer energy as they do.
Radiation
infrared electromagnetic waves
Temperature
Colour
Fastest
Black and dull
Slowest
White and shiny
Conservation of energy
Energy can be stored, transferred between stores, and dissipated — but it can never be created or destroyed. The total energy of a closed system has no net change.
total energy input = useful energy output + wasted energy
Efficiency
Useful energy output over total energy output
Sankey Diagram
Energy related calculations
Work done
When a force moves an object through a distance,
WORK
IS
DONE
on the object and
ENERGY IS TRANSFERRED
Work done = Force × Distance moved
W=Fs
Power
Power is the
rate
at which energy is transferred
Power = Work done / Time taken
Energy resource
Renewable
Wind farms
Wind turns the
blades
, which turn a
generator
inside it
Advantages
Renewable
No waste
Not expensive
Disadvantages
noisy
Affect the scenery
unreliable
Expensive to build
Geothermal power
Hot rocks to heat the water
Advantages
Free
Renewable
No environmental problems
Disadvantage
cost of drilling down
Place is limited
Solar power
Advantages
Renewable
no pollution
free
Disadvantge
expensive to build
Unreliable
Wave power
The energy is transferred from the
kinetic energy
store of the waves to the
kinetic energy
store of the turbine
Advantage
no pollution
renewable
Disadvantage
unreliable
spoiling the view
hazard the boats and creatures
high cost
Tidal
The energy is transferred from the
kinetic energy
stores of the
water to the
kinetic energy
store of the turbine, and used to generate electricity.
Advantages
no pollution
renewable
Disadvantage
alter the habitats
stop the boats
spoil the view
Hydroelectric
Rainwater
is caught and allowed out through
turbines
, transferring energy from the
gravitational potential energy
store of the water to
kinetic energy
stores as it falls, which is used to generate electricity.
Advantages
no pollution
immediate response
Disadvantages
cost of building
alter the habitat
spoil the sight during drought
unreliable in dry times
Unrenewable
Characteristics
run out
damage the environment
most of our energy
Nuclear
Nuclear fusion
Heat formed
Moving steams
Push the generator and back to cool
Electricity formed
Advantages
no greenhouse gases
still enough raw materials
Disadvantages
radioactive waste
expensive to start up
expensive to maintain
Fossil fuels
Advantages
Cheap
Reliable
No need for new tech
Disadvantages
Carbon dioxide
Global Warming
Pollution like acid rain
They will run out
Natural gas
Oil
Burns
Moving Steams
Push the turbines
The generator produce electricity
Coal
