Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Education and the Colonial Rule - Coggle Diagram
Education and the Colonial Rule
Warren Hastings started the Calcutta Madrasa in 1781, In 1792 Jonathan Duncan set up a Sanskrit college and In 1800, The Fort William college was started.
Charter Act of 1813
3) It asked the Company to spend a sum of 1 Lakh rupees every year. It should be spent for the introduction and the promotion of knowledge of Science among the Indian subjects of the British territories in India.
In 1823, the Committee of Public Instruction was set up.
Anglicists
Anglicists supported Western education and believed that knowledge of east is full of errors and unscientific.
2) Thomas Macaulay
Macaulay Minutes
1) James Mill
Orientalists
Orientalists promoted Western Science and Literature but in addition gave special importance to Indian Learning through Sanskrit, Persian and Arabic
1) William Jones
2) Henry Thomas Colebrooke
3) Nanthaniel
2) Parliament directed the Company to take steps for the introduction of useful knowledge for religious and moral improvement.
1) It granted permission to christian missionaries to come to India under license and spread education.
Case Study
Aligarh
After the Great Uprising of 1857, he felt that it was important and necessary for Muslims to acquire proficiency in the English language and modern sciences.
In 1864, the Scientific Society was established in Aligarh.
In 1842, the British decided to replace Persian by English for government employment.
The purpose was to translate Western work into Indian languages.
Sir Syed Ahmad Khan was the founder of the Aligarh Muslim University.
In 1877, he founded the Muhammadan Anglo Oriental College in Aligarh.
His purpose was to build a College in sync with English education while retaining Islamic values.
By 1920, the college was upgraded into a university and named as the Aligarh Muslim University.
Vadodara
Prof. A.G. Widgery was the chairman of the Commission.
The main aim of establishing the Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda was to provide a distinctive teaching and residential University.
On the 24 September 1926, the Baroda University Commission was appointed.
Dr.Jackson, when he was a Principal of the Baroda College in 1908, visualised the concept of establishing a university at Vadodara (then Baroda).
It became a university in 1949 and later renamed after its benefactor Maharaja Sayajirao Gaekwad III, the former ruler of Baroda State.
In 1927, a comprehensive report was submitted for the immediate establishment of a University at Vadodara ( then Baroda).
Wood's Despatch
4) To maintain and reform existing government colleges and high schools.
5) To open new middle schools
3) Establish Teacher training colleges.
6) To improve vernacular schools.
2) To establish universities at Presidency towns
7) To introduce a grants-in-aid system in private schools.
1) To create a separate department of Education in each province.
8) Emphasis to be given on mass and women education.
Impact of the Educational policies of the British
3) Elementary schools were not opened in large numbers.
4) Filtration Theory - According to the theory, the government would educate a handful of Indians who are expected to educate the masses and spread modern ideas among them.
2) English as a medium of education sidelined Muslims and women.
5) Western education made rapid progress and the traditional learning gradually declined.
1) British looked as modern education as a means to strengthen their political power.
6) After 1854, the government focused on vernacular education.
Traditional Education
System
:
Pathshalas and madrasas
It was a flexible type of system.
Included Classical Learning, Philosophy, Law, Logic, Religious Texts, Grammar.
The schools had no printed books, separate school building, classrooms, roll nos., fixed fee, timetable and examinations.
Restricted to the study of 3 Rs (reading, writting and arithmetic) and religion.
National Education
Rabindranath Tagore
According to tagore, teachers should be innovative and imaginative. They should understand children and develop their curious minds. Creative learning should be imparted within natural ambiance.
Tagore started a school named Bramhachari Ashram at
Shantiniketan
(meaning Abode of Peace) .
He always envisioned a school were the child would be free, happy and creative. He felt that self-learning should be promoted from childhood.
Which was earlier known as Bhubandanga. Later known as Patha Bhavan.
Bhubandanga - Shantiniketan - Patha Bhavan
Mahatma Gandhi
Female Education
2) The formation of the Hindu Balika Vidyalaya in 1849 marked a turning point in the history of female education.
The first Indian Women's University was started by Maharshi Karve in 1916.
1) Female Education received a great impetus through various reformed samajas and societies such as the Brahmo Samaj, Arya Samaj and Servants of Indian Society.
An All India Women's Conference was founded in 1927.
Indian Initiatives in the field of Education
Raja Rammohan Roy founded the Vedanta College to offer courses which will be a blend of Western and Indian learning.
Before 1835, there were not less than 25 schools only in Kolkata.
In 1817, a Hindu college by Raja Rammohan Roy in association with David Hare was established.
Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar opened approximately 35 schools in Bengal.
Calcutta School Book Society was founded in 1817 to make available good textbooks in english and Indian languages
Swami Dayanand Saraswati, Swami Vivekananda did pioneer work by establishing various schools and colleges.
