Motion and Forces
Work and Energy
Motion
Gravity, Friction, and Pressure
Forces
Machines
An object in motion changes position
Position describes the location of an object
Key Vocab.
Position
Describing a Position
Key Vocab.
Refrence Point
Measuring Distance
Motion is a change in position
Key Vocab.
Motion
Describing Motion
Relative Motion
Speed = Distance/Time S = d/t
Velocity is speed and direction
Acceleration = final velocity - initial velocity / time
Contact Force
Gravity
Friction
Newton's first law states that objects at rest remain at rest, and objects in motion remain in motion with the same velocity, unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.
Inertia is the resistence of an object to a change in the speed or the direction of its motion.
Newton's second law states that the acceleration of an object increases with increased force and decreases with increased mass. The law also states that the direction in which an object accelerates is the same as the direction of the force.
Force = Mass * Acceleration
Any force that keeps an object moving in a circle is known as a centripetal force.
Newton's third law states that every time one object exerts a force on another object, the second object exerts a force that is equal in size and opposite in direction back on the first object.
Balanced force & Action and Reaction
Momentum = mass * velocity
Pressure = Force / Area
Benoulli's principle says that an increase in the speed of the motion of a fluid decreases the pressure within the fluid. The faster a fluid moves, the less pressure it exerts on surfaces or openings it flows over.
Pascals's principle states that when an outside pressure is applied at any point to a fluid in a container, that pressure is transmitted throughout the fluid with equal strength.
Work = Force * Distance
Gravitational Potential Energy = Mass gravitational acceleration (Gravity) Height
Kinetic Energy = Mass * Velocity^2 / 2
Mechanical energy = Potential energy + Kinetic Energy
Power = Work / Time
Power = Energy / Time