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INFORMATION, Applications of Computers, Computer System, INFORMATION…

- - - - Very similar on how the brain works. An individuals brain serves both as the processor and storage of information that can change how the person perceive or relate into something.
- - - - Online Public Access Catalogue (OPAC)
  - - - Library classification organization
      - Objectives of Catagog (IFLA)
        
        find utilities that apply to user's criteria
        
        select material appropriate to the user's needs
        
        identify an entity
        
        to obtain access to the entity
    - - Classification of Metadata based on Use
        
        Administrative Metadata
        
        Descriptive Metadata
        
        Preservation Metadata
        
        Use Metadata
    - - Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC)
      - Universal Decimal Classification (UDC)
      - Library of Congress (LC) Classification Scheme
- - - - for external storage
        
        Magnetic Drums
      - phenomenal increase in computation speed
      - machine size and power consumption has been reduced
      - Design of Operating Systems & New Higher Level Languages
      - commercial production of computers
        
        Invention of Integrated Circuits (IC's)
      - use of integrated circuits
    - - used vacuum tube technology
      - for data input and output
      - used Machine Language for writing programs
      - for external storage
      - Abacus
      - Pascaline
      - Arithmometer
    - - reduced size of computers
      - vacuum tube was replaced with transistorized technology
      - used Assembly Language instead of Machine Language
      - Concept of stored programs emerged
      - invention of high-level languages
    - - 4th Generation Languages
      - Introduction of Personal Computers
      - Networking
      - Microcomputers
      - use of Very Large Scale Integration
    - - still in infancy (development stage)
      - Artificial Intelligence (AI)
        
        Expert Systems
  - - - Application Software
        
        Apps
      - System Software
        
        controls the computer system
      - Utility Software
        
        Tools that perform limited tasks
      - Firmware
        
        programs available on hardware
  - - - data are recognized as a continuous measurement of a
        physical property
      - Multimeter
    - - General Purpose Digital Computers
      - Special
        Purpose Digital Computers
    - - Notebook/Laptop
    - - combination of Analog & Digital computers
    - - more powerful than microcomputers
      - VAX
      - PDP-11
    - - typically used by large organizations & government departments
      - IBM 4381
      - CDC
    - - fastest, most powerful, & most expensive type of computer
      - CRAY-2
      - NEC - 500
      - PARAM