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Cardiovascular system - Coggle Diagram
Cardiovascular system
Adaptations
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Increase resting & working stroke volume - due to cardiac hypertrophy, heart can pump more blood per beat - more O2 transported to working muscles - more time before fatigue
Decrease resting HR - heart is bigger & can pump more blood per beat so doesn't have to work as hard so lower resting HR
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Functions of CV system
Delivering oxygen and nutrients - during exercise demand for oxygen increases, blood delivers the oxygen
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Thermoregulation - responsible for distribution of heat in body. Maintains body temp insuring you don't overheat. Vasodilation and vasoconstriction to regulate
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Composition of blood
Red blood cells
- carry oxygen
- oxygen carried by protein hemoglobin
- disc shaped - large surface area
Plasma
- transport system that carries other components of blood
- also carries CO2
- straw coloured liquid that is 90% water
White blood cells
- protect body by fighting infections
- identify, destroy, remove pathogens
- originate in bone marrow but stored in blood
Platelets
- prevent blood loss
- when skin is cut, platlets gather and stick together plugging the injury site stopping blood loss
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Structure of the heart
Vena cava - transports deoxygenated blood from the body to the right atrium
Right atrium - top chamber that hold deoxygenated blood
Tricuspid valve - stops blood flowing back into right atrium
Right ventricle - bottom chamber that holds deoxygenated blood
Semi lunar valve - stops blood flowing back into right ventricle
Pulmonary artery - transports deoxygenated blood from heart to lungs
Pulmonary vein - transports oxygenated blood from lungs to heart
Left atrium - top chamber of heart that holds oxygenated blood
Bicuspid valve - stops blood flowing back into left atrium
Left ventricle - bottom chamber that holds oxygenated blood
Semi lunar valve - stops blood flowing back into left ventricle
Aorta - transports oxygenated blood to the rest of the body
Septum - wall separating left from right side of heart
Coronary artery - arteries that supply blood to the heart
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