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Transport in Animals - Coggle Diagram
Transport in Animals
9.2 - The heart
The main function of the heart is to oump blood around the body and it is made of a special type of muscle that contracts and relaxes regularly, throughout life.
The heart is divided into 4 chambers. the upper two chambers are called atria and they receive blood, then the lower two chambers are the ventricles, which pump blood.
These four chambers are speraterated from the left to the right by a septem. The septum is used so that the oxygenated blood and deoxygenated blood does not mix att all.
The left artrium receives blood from the pulmonary veins(which carries the oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart). The right artirum receives deoxygenated blood from the rest of the bidy by the vena cava. (two vena cava are superior vena cava and inferior vena cava. Inferior vena cava akes in blood from the body and the superior takes it from the head.
Then the blood is then given to the ventricles, which pump the blood out of the heart. The right ventricle pumps blood into the pulmonary artery, which takes it to the lungs and the left ventricle pumps the blood into the aorta..
The aorta is the largest artery in the body, which receives oxygenated blood from the left ventricle and delivers it to the body organs.
Pulmonary artery is the artery that carries deoxgenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs.
Valves
The valves between the atrium and ventricles are called atrioventricular valve which allows blood to flow from the atrium to the ventricle but not in the opoosite direction.
The semilunar valves are the valves close to the entrances to the aorta and pulmonary artery, which prevent backflow of blood from the arteries to the ventricles.
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Coronary arteries
The vessels that deliver oxygenated blood to the heart muscle. these supply blood to the heart muscles.
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Prevention of CHD from happening is taking care over your diet with no high saturated foods in it. Regular exrecise has a very benefecial effect on many parts of the body including the heart.
Heart beats aroung 60 to 75 times a minutes when they are resting. A good way to measure your heartbeat is the pulse rate, which is the no. of times an artery expands and recoils in one minute.
The heart beats is when the muscles in its walls contract and relax, the heart becomes smaller when it contracts and larger when relaxing.
9.1 - Circulatory system
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Oxygenating the blood
The blood that is used all over the body may some be oxygenated or deoxygenated. The lungs help in the oxgenating of blood then gives it to the left side of the heart, then this blood is given to the rest of the body. The deoxgenrated blood is given to the right side of the heart to get it oxygenated from the lungs and this cycle keeps on repeating until you are alive.
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9.3 - Blood vessels
Arteries are a thick-walled vessel that takes high pressure blood away from the heart, the structure of an sartery is that it has a thick layer of elastic fibres with the small lumen and also there is a smooth lining aroung the lumen.
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