Artifacts: st visible, surface manifestations that can be observed easily such as language, customs, architecture, rituals, dress codes, uniform, stories, rites
- Symbols: communicate organizational culture through unspoken messages
- Rituals: Everyday, repetitive, organizational practices. “The way we do things around here”
- Ceremonies and Rites:
Relatively elaborate sets of activities that are repeatedly enacted on important occasions (retirement, promotion, reward)
Stories;
- Stories give meaning and identity to organizations and are especially helpful in orienting new employees.
- Effective stories are not only motivational; they can also reinforce culture and create renewed energy.