Tawhid: Islamic principle of the oneness of God, that he is the one only God.
Five Pillars: principles that regulate the private lives of Muslims in dealing with God.
Zakat: those more fortunate should relieve the burden of those less fortunate.
Sawm: fasting from food/drink/smoke during the days of Ramadan to call one back to frailty and dependences on God.
Salat: daily prayer to keep lives in perspective and submit one's will to God.
Shahadah (confession of faith): proclaiming the belief that the only god is their god, confirming the validity of Muhammad.
Hajj: pilgrimage to Mecca, the place of God's revelation, to heighten devotion to God.
Sharia: the correct path, divine counsel Muslims follow to live morally and grow close to God
Muhammad: the prophet through whom Islam reached its definite form.
Gabriel: the voice that came to Mohammad segmenting words of the Koran.
Hadith: sayings and traditional accounts of the prophet Muhammad.
Al-Kitab (People of the Book): the existence of followers of other religions implied and validated. Religions Muslims regarded as having been guided by previous revelations in scripture. 
Shirk: error of enslaving oneself to anything less than God.
Al Qur'an: recitation, holy book of Islam as guidance for mankind
Jihad: the lesser aggression being to struggle with an external enemy and the greater aggression being to struggle with oneself.
Theocracy: civil leader believed to have personal connection with deity of the religion
Mecca: where Muhammad resided as embattled prophet of embryonic Islam.
Medina: where Muhammad resided as respectful leader of the Islamic community.
Abu Bakr: senior companion and first believer of the prophet Muhammad.
