civics
australia
multiculturalism
freedoms and laws
government
democracy in australia
multi-faith
secular
multicultural
5 freedoms
freedom of movement - The right to freedom of movement includes the freedom to enter and leave any country, as well as the freedom to move around inside a country while you are legally inside that country. In some cases, the right might be curtailed.
freedom of assembly - Individuals and organisations have the right to peacefully assemble and protest when they choose.
freedom of religion- Everyone has the right to religious freedom, which includes the freedom to change one's religion or believe and the freedom to publicly and privately practise one's religion or belief through acts of worship, instruction, and observance, whether alone or in community with others.
freedom of association- The ability to organise and join organisations to further common interests is protected by the right to freedom of association.
freedom of speech- The idea of freedom of speech encourages people to express their thoughts and opinions openly and without concern about legal repercussions, censorship, or other forms of retaliation.
voting
participation
parliment
definition- containing several cultural or ethnic groups within a society.
example country- almost every country in the world is diverse in some way, some just have more diversity than others..
being multifaith is an approach that involves a variety of religions
multi-faith in austrlia
Nearly 70% of Austrians identified themselves as religions
Religious beliefs include Christians (52.1%), Islam (2.6%), Buddhism (2.4%), Hinduism (1.9%)
30.1% identified themselves as having no religion- including secular beliefs, other spiritual beliefs, no religion
Religion has no direct influence over the way laws are created.
There is a separation of state and religion in parliament and the courts
colonialism
Colonialism is a practice or policy of control by one people or power over other people or areas, often by establishing colonies and generally with the aim of economic dominance. In the process of colonisation, colonisers may impose their religion, language, economics, and other cultural practices
Australian values- According to the department of home affairs and its values statement, Australians value individual freedom as well freedom of religion, speech and association; the rule of law and democracy; equality and a ‘fair go’ for all; and respect, tolerance and compassion.
compassion
tolerance
rule of law
respect
Australians value the rule of law, a concept in which everyone is subject to the law and the law must be followed by all, including the law-makers.
Compassion is a concept in which we can show care and concern for others who may be less fortunate
Tolerance of others’ ideas and opinions means we can have freedom of religious expression and communication
Our respect for others means we also accept that freedoms can be limited because we do not wish to cause harm or infringe on others’ rights.
parliment make all the laws and bills, a Parliament is answerable to the people and must initiate laws that are supported by the majority of the people
laws
common law and statutory law
Court made law is known as common law
Legislation that is passed by parliament is known as statutory law, Statutory law is legislation created by parliament is the supreme law- making body
criminal law
civil law
customary law
examples:
Public wrongs
Prosecuted by state
Proof by the state
Proof beyond a reasonable doubt
Right to council
Defendant has the right to silence
examples
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Private matters
Private parties file suit
Preponderance
Must hire own attorney
Defendant may be forced to testify
Penalties based on compensation of remedies
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Aboriginal law or lore is a complex mix of beliefs, traditions, customs, history and kinship systems that is unique to each first nations group
Traditional or customary law reflects common forms of acceptable and unacceptable behaviours within first nations communities; however, it is intertwined with cultural beliefs about origins, country and an individual place within the group.
First nations law is not universally applied across the country and differs from area to area and from time to time
A structed and formal implementation of traditional and customary practices has not yet been included within the western Australian legal system
The participation of the people is essential to a democracy. They participate through taking part in community activities as well as voting. This could be done by joining a political party, a charity, an environmental group, or a community organisation.
to vote in most countries including australia you must be over 18 to vote in a federal or state election. by voting you can help support your canditate or group to be in charge