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The industrial Revolution - Coggle Diagram
The industrial Revolution
What was the Industrial Revolution
Most people were farmers and not many people lives in the
People want to move into towns to search for more jobs opportunities
1750- Britain had changed over the past 1000 years
The new factory system involves many more people and supplies for new jobs
IR makes Britain the 'workshop of the world' that Britian was the first ever place who had a IR
And this lead to poor living conditions and hell amount of disease
IR also increases the Brtain's wealth by far
IR changed mostly from all people are farmers to the people who works in factories to now who uses brain
key industries
cotton
Raw cottom was only grown in America , India and Egypt. It was shipped to Britain to be made into cloth
Before 1750 cloths were all made by hand at home with wool
Steam
1773, Watt had a business partners with Mattew Boulton and they made around 500 working steam engines which was the amount of around 30% of the working steam engines only by themselves
James Watt improved the machine which takes far less coal and the size of the machines is around 25% of the old ones
The next century that more developments were made and steam engine became much more common and Britain making them with factories
In 1712 Thomas Newcomen invented a steam driven pump to extract water from coal mines but it uses way too much coal and it's absouletly massive
At 1700 only water and wind power were used to drive the most basic machines and it's not always reliable
You can use iron in a lot of other indutstries such as railways or steam power to make the machines
In 1784, Henry Cort invented 'pudding' to produce 'wrought' iron. And this iron was much easer to shape and cast iron also it's unlike pig iron it's also strong
But 'cast' iron was too strong to worked by hand for any thing small like a helmet but it's still very good for making massive things like bridges or massive machines.
Iron was made through smelting iron ore which is obtained from the ground. And this produces a really weak iron called 'pig iron'
1708 Abraham Darby found a way to use purifies coal to smelt iron. This way was highly succussful and led to the widespread use of 'cast' iron as the coal was much cheaper
Charcoal is also very expensive and it's cannot be changed into coal that it will ruin the purities of the iron
canals
growing industries needed to move more heavy goods
roads were too expensive and the roads can't handle the weight
sea routes too long and many rivers too shallow
canals were the answer
man made rivers
one boat could carry up to 40tonnes
pros:you can choose where they go even slightly uphills
cons: To expensive and takes a long time to build
The Bridgewater canal
first canal in Britian
halved his transport costs
To take coal from Duke
designed by Jones Brino
James Brindley
gained fame
built over 400 mile of canals