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TOPIC 4: ENGLISH LANGUAGE SYSTEM - Coggle Diagram
TOPIC 4: ENGLISH LANGUAGE SYSTEM
SEMANTICS
DEFINITION
Linguistic semantics is the study of the systematic ways in which languages build meaning, particularly in words and sentences.
Semantics-Phrase and Sentence Meaning
meaning of phrases or sentences depends on both the meaning of its words and how these words are structurally combined
Denotative meaning
This meaning gives the basic meaning of a
word on conceptual level, a dictionary
definition.
EXAMPLE; the word ‘neat’ can be replaced with ‘tidy’, ‘orderly’,
Connotative meaning
refers to the further meanings that a certain word evokes.
example; the word 'home' suggests comfort, security and family
Semantics - Figurative Language
Definition
Figurative language is a language that uses words or expressions with a meaning that is different from the literal interpretation.
TYPES
METAPHOR
comparison made between things which are essentially not alike
To interpret metaphors we need to understand both the literal meaning and facts about the world.
IDIOM
expression used by a particular group of people with a meaning that is only known through common use
SIMILE
they involve a comparison of two unlike things and involve the words like or as.
METONYMY
a figure of speech where one thing is replaced with a word that is closely associated with it
EXAMPLE; The Pentagon/The White House issued a statement yesterday.
PERSONIFICATION
When something that is not human is given human-like qualities
HYPERBOLE
Exaggerating, often in a humorous way, to make a particular point
EG; I am so hungry I could eat a horse.
Onomatopoeia
When you name an action by imitating the sound associated with it
EG; “The bees buzz angrily when their hive is disturbed.”
CLICHE
phrase that is often repeated and has become kind of meaningless