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CHAP 11 Reproductive Behavior - Coggle Diagram
CHAP 11 Reproductive Behavior
Male
Reproductive behavior in the male consists of 3 distinct phases:
the precopulatory stage
the copulatory stage
the postcopulatory stage
Precopulatory stage
Search for sexual partner > courtship > Sexual arousal > Erection > Penile Protrusion
Copulatory Behavior
Mounting > Intromission > Ejaculation
Postcopulatory Behavior
Dismount > Refractory period > Memory
Male is potentially capable of initiated reproductive behavior at any point after puberty
Duration:
Short copulators:
bull, ram, buck, and tom
Sustained copulators
: boar, dog, camelids
Intermediate copulators
: stallion
Erection of the penis requires
:
elevated arterial blood inflow
dilations of corporal sinusoids
restricted venous outflow
elevated intrapenile pressure
relaxation of the retractor penis muscles
Female
Precopulatory, copulatory, and postcopulatory behaviors in the female can be considered as serving the functions of:
attractively, proceptivity and receptivity
Attractivity
: refers to behaviors and other signals that serve tot attract males. This can include postures, vocalizations, behaviors and chemical cues such as pheromones that attract the male to approach and engage in precopulatory behavior
Proceptivity:
refers to the behaviors exhibited by females towards males that stimulate the male to copulate or that reinitiate sexual behavior after copulation
Receptivity:
refers to the behavior of females that ensures insemination. This may include lordosis as well as tail deviation or backing-up towards male
Sexual activity is confined to estrus (heat). This short window limits the time frame of precopulatory behavior.
Females given testosterone will display male reproductive behavior
Cows have
homosexual-like behavior
(female on female mounting) to attract bulls and let bulls and producers know that she is in estrus
Both Male and Female
Once a sexual partner has been identified, a series of specific courtship behaviors begin in both male and female
Post copulatory behavior done by both male and female includes: vocal emissions, genital grooming, changing postural relationships, licking and nuzzling, and a period of refractivity (a time period where a second mating will not take place
Reproductive behavior is initiated by:
olfaction
vision
audition
tactility