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Psychology Part 1 2022, ` - Coggle Diagram

- - - - dogs
        Pavlov conducted an experiment in which he rang a bell shortly before presenting food to dogs. At first, the dogs had no response to the bells. However, eventually, the dogs began to salivate as soon as the bell was sounded
      - Teaching kids to Kill
      - stimulus response
    - - concerned exclusively with measurable and observable data and excluded ideas, emotions, and the consideration of inner mental experience and activity
  - - - Rat Experiment
        
        Little Albert Experiment
        
        Rewards and Punishment
        
        teaching kids to kill
        
        Describe rat experiment
        
        Positive reinforcement
        
        negative reinforcement
        
        extinction
- - - - studied self-actualizing and peak experiences
        
        Created the Hierarchy of Need, which describes his theory of motivation
        
        believing that each need must be met before moving onto the next
        
        the hierarchy of needs starts with Basic needs is first (Physiological and safety needs), Psychological needs (Belongingness, esteem needs) second, then last at the top Self-fulfilment needs
        
        This theory is not scientific experimental research, rather what he believed
  - - - Frankel rejects Maslow Hierarchy of Needs theory
        
        He Used a new theory and therapy using experiences in Auschwitz. He observed the behaviour of prisoners and found that the ones that survived had something to live for like loved ones
        
        he used the knowledge of the power of having meaning in ones life as a new method of therapy, called logo therapy
        
        Logotherapy suggest that humans are motivated by a need for meaning
- - - - The scientific consensus is that climate change is real. Liberals are more likely to accept this message if they are knowledgable. However, for republicans the opposite is true, the more intelligent they are the more likely they are to reject this.
    - - Anchoring: The arbitrary number has planted a figure in their mind anchoring their judgement
      - Availability: Over estimating certain risks based the damaged on how the easily the dangers come to mind.
      - Framing: Gain framing ( 95% fat free) Loss gain ( 5% fat)
      - Sunk Cost Fallacy: Reluctance to give up a failing investment even if you lose more trying to sustain it.
      - Gamble's Fallacy: Belief that the roulette wheel has landed on a black it is more likely to land on the red next time.
    - - comfirmation/myside bias:
  - - - genetic factors
        
        2% genetics
        
        Biological vs. adoptive parents IQs compared to the child's
        
        Identical twins have similar IQs even when in different environments
      - environmental factors
        
        Romanian Orphanage
        
        Flynn Effect
        
        Other Factors
        
        Nutrition
        
        education
        
        home life
- - - - Definition: Not part of the essential nature of someone or something; coming or operating from outside their inner motivation
      - Experiments did not work or had a lack of motivation because they were not personalized and didn't have meaning.
    - - Instead of trying to force other people to change, you're better off helping them find their own intrinsic motivation to change.
    - - Emotionally charged, self protective use of our minds.