Principales exponentes: Alan Baddeley, Frederic Bartlett, Donald Broadbent, Jerome Bruner, Vittorio Guidano, Hermann Ebbinghaus, George A. Miller, Ulric Neisser, David Rumelhart, Herbert Simon, Endel Tulving, Robert L. Solso, Lev Vygotski, David Ausubel, Jean Piaget, Ángel Rivière y George Kelly.