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Particle Physics - Elementary particles - Coggle Diagram
Particle Physics - Elementary particles
Definition: A particle is called elementary if it is not made out of any smaller component particles.
Quarks
Six different flavors:
Top; Bottom; Charm; Strange; Up; Down
Hadrons
Baryon: made up by three quarks
Example:
Neutron: up, down, down
Proton: up, up, down
Meson: made up by one quark and one anti-quark
Example:
positively charged Pion: up, anti-down
Conservation laws
Baryon number
Charge
Strangeness number
Strangeness would be conserved in strong and electromagnetic interactions but could be violated in weak interactions.
See data booklet!!! (Very important)
Leptons
Six types
Electron & its neutrino; muon & its neutrino; tau & its neutrino
All leptons interact with the weak nuclear interaction.Those that have electric charge (e−, μ− and τ−) also interact with the electromagnetic interaction.
Conservation laws
family lepton number
Charge
Exchange particles
Definition: particle that mediates interaction between two particles
4 forces
Strong nuclear interaction
gluon
Weak nuclear interaction
W+, W- and Z0
Gravity
graviton (theoretical)
Electromagnetic
photon
Higgs field
All elementary particles have no mass;
mass is given by Higgs field, exchange particle of Higgs field are Higgs bosons