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humanism and the knowledge - Coggle Diagram
humanism and the knowledge
humanism
cultural movement that began in the 14th century
developed fully in the 15th and 16th centuries
flourishing economy and a rich artistic heritage
antrophocentric view
as an alternative to the God-centred world view of medieval Christians
anthropocentrism
Humans were at the centre of historical events
patrons
sponsored cultural and artistic activities
the spread of knowledge
Humanist ideas and knowledge
spread more rapidly in the Modern Age than in the Middle Ages
knowledge was spread through books written by hand
the printing press
1440, Johannes Gutenberg
invented the movable-type printing press
Books could be produced more easily
ideas spread more quickly
It improved literacy, and intellectual life
MEDICINE
Although there was widespread opposition to clinical trials
the following advances were made
the treaty of anatomy by Vesalius, who was born in Flanders
the theory of pulmonary circulation of blood by Miguel Servet
the development of pharmacology by Swiss physician Paracelsus
GEOGRAPHY
During this period, it was established that the Earth was spherical
Modern cartography also began
Maps were created based on the world map drawn by Gerardus Mercator, in 1569
Mercator’s map showed all the lands discovered up until that date
traight lines called parallels and meridians were used to locate any point in the world
SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE
During the Renaissance
thinkers and academics became interested in understanding the world that surrounded them
They revived the scientific method used in Ancient Greece and Rome
the study of nature was based on observation and experimentation.
ASTRONOMY
16th century
geocentric theory
by Ptolemy in the 2nd century
the Earth was the immobile centre of the Universe, and all other celestial bodies orbited around it
heliocentric theory
16th century, Polish astronomer Nicolaus Copernicus
the Earth and all the other planets orbited the Sun
17th century
Tuscan physicist Galileo Galilei
proved Copernicus’ theory using a new invention, the telescope
Galileo was condemned by the Church, which did not accept the empirical evidence he provided