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Animal behavior - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Facial movements express moods
    - - Bird song, nocturnal animals, fish
    - - Pheromones
  - - - Reduces individual fitness but increase fitness of others in a population
    - - Increasing survival of close relatives passes these genes on to the next generation
    - - The dominant animal is the most powerful of the pack.
- - - - Connect reflex behavior to associated stimulus
        
        Unconditioned stimulus
        
        Saliva
        
        Conditioned stimulus
        
        Training
- - - - Refers to regular, annual or seasonal mass movements made by animals from their breeding area to another area.
    - - Animals remain in a favorable temperature
        
        They grow larger
        
        They leave more offspring
        
        They have a constant supply of food
        
        It may lead to the colonization of a new area
        
        Reduces predation/parasitism disease
        
        Greater genetic mixing
        
        Better breeding conditions
    - - They may get lost or caught in a storm
        
        They may get eaten by a predator
        
        They may use up too much energy in the migration, leading to exhaustion
        
        They may starve
        
        It is a huge investment in energy
    - - Maturation
        Some animals migrate as the sex organs mature and there is a need or desire to reproduce
      - Environmental cues
        Such as drop in temperature, shortening of the length of the day
      - Genetic Drive
        The trigger may be inbuilt such as star patterns for navigation are learned, but how to learn then is innate
      - Endogenous Circadian Rhythm
        Internal biological clock
    - - Navigation
        
        Is the process by which an animal uses various cues to determine its position in reference to a particular goal
        
        Visual
        
        Solar
        
        Magnetic Fields
        
        Stellar
        
        Chemical
        
        Sonar
  - - - —Environmental Cycles
      - —Biological clocks
      - Animals has a response I’m timing such as
      - —Biological rhythms
- - - - Aggressive
        
        Territories
        
        Feeding
        
        Mating
        
        Advantages
        
        Space for animal
        
        Reduced disease
        
        Harder for predators to find prayers
        
        Reduced fighting
        
        Enough food
        
        Safe breeding sights that are defended
        
        Best genes are forward to offspring
        
        Disadvantages
        
        Males without territories fail to breed because as not seen as attractive
        
        Losers must spread out to find food rather than fight
        
        Marking and defending
        
        Using scenr gland
        
        Using signals
        
        Mark with urine
        
        Singing
      - Same species
      - Threats or fighting
      - Competitor gains access to resources
      - Strong between members members of the same sex
- - - - destinations
        
        Positive
        
        toward
        
        Ex. Flatworms moving towards a pieces of raw meat, Moths flying to a light.
        
        negative
        
        away
        
        Ex. Trout wil line themselves up in an upstream direction.
    - - random
        
        Ex. starting or stopping, changing speed, turning more/less frequently.
  - - - Ex. A male stikleback fish attacks other male sticklebacks that invade its nesting territory.