Regional Variations in Language
Isoglosses and Dialect boundaries
Isogloss: it is a term used for a line drawn on a dialect map which marks off an area which uses a particular variant from another neighbouring area which uses a different variant. Dialect boundaries: when a number of isoglosses come together a more solid line can be drawn, which indicates a dialect boundary.
THE STANDARD LANGUAGE
Widespread linguistic variety, and generally understood by all speakers of the same language, the form used in formal education being frequent. ⭐
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ACCENT AND DIALECT
Accent refers to pronunciation, dialect refers to a whole group of language features, including pronunciation, but also differences in vocabulary, grammar, and how the language is used.
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DIALECTOLOGY
It makes constant reference to being able to distinguish between
two different dialects of the same language and two different languages.
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LANGUAGE PLANNING
The dialect Continuum.
A dialect continuum or dialect chain is a series of language varieties spoken across some geographical area such that neighboring varieties are mutually intelligible, but the differences accumulate over distance so that widely separated varieties may not be.
It is recognized as a deliberate effort to "influence" the function denoted structure or acquisition of languages or varieties of languages within what refers to a speech community.
Bilingualism
THE POST-CREOLE CONTINUUM
It is a chain of linguistic varieties that arises by linking a CREOLE (also known as BASILECT) to its SUPERSTRATE language (also known as ACROLECT) through intermediate varieties collectively called MESOLECT
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By; Robles Chavarria Yenifer Daniela
Fuentes Portillo Katia Estefani
refers to the ability to speak two languages, while diglossia refers to the use of two varieties of the same language in a speech society.For example, children learn one language at home, and the other language at school.
Pidgins and Creoles
Disglossia
refers to the existence of two varieties of the same language in a speech community. Generally, there are two varieties of dialects. One variety is the prestige dialect, and the other variety is the common dialect the community uses.
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a pidgin is the first-generation version of a language that forms between native speakers of different languages a makeshift communication bridge, if you will. A creole is a pidgin with native speakers, or one that’s been passed down to a second generation of speakers who will formalize it and fortify the bridge into a robust structure with a fully developed grammar and syntax.