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Acids and bases Inorganic chemistry - Coggle Diagram
Acids and bases Inorganic chemistry
PH is the measure of how Acidic or how Basic/Alkalis a substance is.
Measuring PH
Universal indicator: Contains various chemical dyes that change its color accordingly.
Acid: RED -- Green --Purple
Methyl orange
Pink -- Orange -- Yellow
Thymolphthalein
Colorless -- Blue
Phenolphthalein
Colorless -- Pink
PH Meter and PH Probe
More Accurate readings gives reading in decimals (2.25 PH)
No human judgement involved ( shades observing and concluding) hence more reliable
Indicators are chemical dyes which change color according to the PH of the solution
Brownstein-Lowerys theory
Acids are Proton Donor
Alkalis and bases are Proton Acceptor
Amphoteric oxides can act both as a acceptor and a donor of proton
Alkalis are water soluble bases
Bases are insoluble proton acceptors
Strength of ACIDS AND BASES
A strong Acid or Base will
Ionize/Dissociate completely
in an aqueous solution, They are
good conductors of electricity
and
react vigorously and rapidly
Ex: HCL -- H + Cl
A weak Acid or base will
partially ionize/dissociate
its ions
in an aqueous solution
and are
poor conductor of electricity
react
slower
with other substances
Ex: CH3COOH ⇌ CH3COO +
Weak acids have a Equilibrium in their ionization reaction, this means the already few H+ dissociated ions are again converted back into acid , so because not all acid molecules dissociate and it is reversable causes the H+ concentration to decrease
Concentration of a acid or base will not change its strength as concentration is the water to h+/OH- ion ratio per volume
A concentrated acid contain More H+ ions per volume of a solution than diluted acids
