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Types of texts taught in junior and senior high schools in Indonesia. -…
Types of texts taught in junior and senior high schools in Indonesia.
Descriptive Text
Purpose
Give information about something or someone.
Organizational structure
General Statement: The author will state something that will be described.
Description: The author describes several aspects of the topic being told, for example, the animals depicted, the author can describe their physical condition, behavior, and food eaten.
linguistic features
.
Using specific participants (in descriptive, like My cat) and generalized participants: A certain group of objects. (in descriptive Report: Cats)
Using some action verbs, especially when describing the behavior or behavior of the animal or person being described.
Using many: "Linking Verbs" (is, are, has, have, belong).
Using language to define, classify, compare and contrast (are called, belong to, can be classified as, are similar to, are more powerful than).
Using descriptive language, but factual and precise, not imaginative or "lively" to express:
Physical characteristics of a person (body parts, components, etc.)
What does something or someone have (body parts, components, etc.)
what is done (customs, behavior, function, use and so on).
The possibility of having many technical words, according to the thing or thing that is described.
Using a writing style that is formal and objective. the use of the pronouns "I" and "WE" and the author's opinion is inappropriate in this type of text.
Descriptive Report
Purpose
To identify a number of characteristics of an object or phenomenon and describe each of these characteristics in turn.
Organizational structure
A. General Statement which serves to:.
Introducing the topic.
Provide general information about what will be described, such as general categories.
Show what will be described.
B. Description: provides information on the topics discussed and the information is grouped into several sections.
From the most important to the least important
From the most general to the special or specific.
Linguistics features
Derewianka (1990: 53) suggests that descriptive has the following linguistic characteristics:
Using specific participants (in descriptive, such as: My cat) and generalized participants: a group of certain objects (in Descriptive Report: Cats)
use some action verbs, especially when describing the behavior or behavior of the animal or person being described.
Using a lot of "linking verbs" (is, are, has , have, belong, to)
Usually use the present tense "I have a friend, his name is Samsul", "Cats are mammals"
Using descriptive language, but factual and precise, not imaginative or "lively" to express:
Physical characteristics of something or someone (color, shape, size, etc.)
What is owned by something or someone (body parts, components, and so on).
What is done (habit, behavior, function, use and so on)
Using language to define, classify, compare and contrast (are called, belong to, can be classified as, are similar to, are more powerful than).
The possibility of having many technical words, according to the object or thing being described.
Using style or writing that is formal and objective. the use of the pronouns "I" and "we" in the opinion of the author is inappropriate in this text.
Report
is a type of text that presents information clearly and concisely.
Purpose
To document, compile and record factual information about a topic.
Report, namely telling one group as a whole, so the focus of the report is a group of things (a class of things). Report can describe about animate or inanimate objects.
type Report
Reports on weather, news, research reports etc
Organizational structure
opening general statement / general clasification
ffacts about some of the aspects reported
usually does not contain an "ending" although sometimes detailed information ends with a general statement about the topic being discussed
Usually include diagrams, photos, and illustrations to explain the text.
linguistic features
described are general
some action verbs when describing the behavior of something or an animal.
using "linking" verbs
"timeless" present tense (are, exist, grow)
Descriptive but factual and precise language is not imaginative to convey ideas
very likely to contain technical words
many languages are used to define, classify, compare, and contrast.
Written in a formal and objective style