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CASE STUDY, DATA VISUALISATION, CASE STUDY, EMPIRICAL RESEARCH, EMPIRICAL…
CASE STUDY
A case study research design usually involves qualitative methods, but quantitative methods are sometimes also used. ..
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Yin defines the case study research method as “an empirical inquiry
that investigates a contemporary phenomenon within its real-life
context; when the boundaries between phenomenon and context
are not clearly evident; and in which multiple sources of evidence
are used”
A case study is an appropriate research design when you want to gain concrete, contextual, in-depth knowledge about a specific real-world subject. It allows you to explore the key characteristics, meanings, and implications of the case.
single subject in depth, or conduct multiple case studies to compare and illuminate different aspects of your research problem.Case studies are good for describing, comparing, evaluating and understanding different aspects of a research problem. in depth/richly descriptive/understanding complex issue...exploratory/explanatory/descriptive
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EMPIRICAL RESEARCH
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Supporting theories and relevant literature- if any theory help support findings/find others who have researched/what were problem faces/set up assumptions/find history for research problem
Creation of hypothesis and measurement- what will be the result/set up variable/decide environment/how relate between variables/ units of measurement/error degree/if will be acceptable
Methodology,research design and data collection- define strategy- experimental or non - choosing appropriate sampling techniques/analysis of empirical data
Data analysis and result - qualitative analysis or quantitative or combo-if hypothesis is supported or rejected-analysis to support the hypo
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TITLE - summarize main idea,identify variables-their relation ABSTRACT,INTRODUCTION,METHODOLOGY,RESULTS,DISCUSSION,REFERENCES
EMPIRICAL RESEARCH
This empirical evidence can be gathered using quantitative market
research - numerical data-quantify opinions,behaviors,other variable and qualitative market research methods - non numeric data - meaning opinion with underlying reasons/structured or semi structured/ small sample/conversational sample
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Empirical research is defined as any research where conclusions of the study is strictly drawn from concretely empirical evidence, and therefore “verifiable” evidence.
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to validate
multiple hypothesis and increase human knowledge and investigate more questions. To test and support hypothesis and gain more knowledge.People believe only what they see/hear/experience.
CASE STUDY
INTRINSIC
Exploratory- answers why, understand all its parts
Focuses on the case itself, the case presents an unusual or unique situation. try to better understand the case
INSTRUMENTAL
Exploratory, explanatory,descriptive but DRAWS CONCLUSIONS THAT MAY APPLY BEYOND THAT CASE
Focus on one issue, one bounded case to illustrate the issue, provides insight or help to refine a theory
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EMPIRICAL RESEARCH
1 Authenticate previous research 2 Competent and authentic research 3 Enables researcher to change strategies according to dynamics 4 Level of control - using many variables 5 Internal and External validity
1 Patience, time consuming,multiple resources and parameters 2 Expensive Different locations 3 acquiring permissions4 Collection of data - different ways and methods
CASE STUDY
1 Answers why? questions 2 Gain in-depth knowledge 3. Develop initial hypothesis 4.Establish basis of research 5.Develop new theory 6. Extend existing theory 7.Test existing theory
1.Studying small no of cases is insufficient for reliability 2.Bias the findings - subjectivity 3.Only for establishing a hypothesis - critics 4.Unscientific
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NON EMPIRICAL RESEARCH - reasons underlying human behaviour i.e. how and why as opposed to what,where and when........Thought/feelings/attitude//emotions/reflections/ outlook- the human qualities not directly observable or measureable
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Observation-manual and automatic - sheet/notebook/questionnaire/sensor,switch,camera,software to log events
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Measure, recorded obs- nominal/ordinal/interval/ratio
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